New horizons in appetite and the anorexia of ageing
New horizons in appetite and the anorexia of ageing
Appetite drives essential oral nutritional intake. Its regulation is complex, influenced by physiology, hedonism (the reward of eating) and learning from external cues within a person's society and culture. Appetite loss is common in the older population and not always attributable to medical conditions or treatment. Although the physiological basis of the anorexia of ageing (loss of appetite due to the ageing process) has been established, the effect of ageing on hedonism and external cues, which may be equally important, is less well understood. The anorexia of ageing is associated with reductions in dietary diversity and oral intake, and increased risk of malnutrition, sarcopenia and frailty. Early identification of poor appetite could allow timely intervention before weight loss occurs. There is no standardised tool for assessing appetite in clinical settings at present but the 4-item Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) has the potential to be used in this way. This review, designed for clinicians, will discuss the regulation of appetite and the pathogenesis of the anorexia of ageing. It will describe the current evidence for interventions to manage the anorexia of ageing, which is limited, with little benefit reported from individual studies of education, physical activity and medication. There is some positive evidence for flavour enhancement, fortified food and oral nutritional supplements but mainly within single studies. Looking ahead, the aim is to develop multicomponent approaches to the treatment of the anorexia of ageing based on growing understanding of the role of physiological signalling, hedonism and external cues.
Appetite, Nutrition, Older people, Review
526-534
Cox, Natalie J.
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Morrison, Leanne
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Ibrahim, Kinda
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Robinson, Sian M.
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Sayer, Avan A.
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Roberts, Helen C.
5ea688b1-ef7a-4173-9da0-26290e18f253
1 July 2020
Cox, Natalie J.
dfdfbc5f-41b8-4329-a4b5-87b6e93aa09e
Morrison, Leanne
920a4eda-0f9d-4bd9-842d-6873b1afafef
Ibrahim, Kinda
54f027ad-0599-4dd4-bdbf-b9307841a294
Robinson, Sian M.
ba591c98-4380-456a-be8a-c452f992b69b
Sayer, Avan A.
a85472e7-8894-44b2-913f-cd77e96895db
Roberts, Helen C.
5ea688b1-ef7a-4173-9da0-26290e18f253
Cox, Natalie J., Morrison, Leanne, Ibrahim, Kinda, Robinson, Sian M., Sayer, Avan A. and Roberts, Helen C.
(2020)
New horizons in appetite and the anorexia of ageing.
Age and Ageing, 49 (4), .
(doi:10.1093/ageing/afaa014).
Abstract
Appetite drives essential oral nutritional intake. Its regulation is complex, influenced by physiology, hedonism (the reward of eating) and learning from external cues within a person's society and culture. Appetite loss is common in the older population and not always attributable to medical conditions or treatment. Although the physiological basis of the anorexia of ageing (loss of appetite due to the ageing process) has been established, the effect of ageing on hedonism and external cues, which may be equally important, is less well understood. The anorexia of ageing is associated with reductions in dietary diversity and oral intake, and increased risk of malnutrition, sarcopenia and frailty. Early identification of poor appetite could allow timely intervention before weight loss occurs. There is no standardised tool for assessing appetite in clinical settings at present but the 4-item Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) has the potential to be used in this way. This review, designed for clinicians, will discuss the regulation of appetite and the pathogenesis of the anorexia of ageing. It will describe the current evidence for interventions to manage the anorexia of ageing, which is limited, with little benefit reported from individual studies of education, physical activity and medication. There is some positive evidence for flavour enhancement, fortified food and oral nutritional supplements but mainly within single studies. Looking ahead, the aim is to develop multicomponent approaches to the treatment of the anorexia of ageing based on growing understanding of the role of physiological signalling, hedonism and external cues.
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Accepted/In Press date: 17 December 2019
Published date: 1 July 2020
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© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com
Keywords:
Appetite, Nutrition, Older people, Review
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Local EPrints ID: 437105
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/437105
ISSN: 0002-0729
PURE UUID: 4226c72b-c0df-47ed-8eb8-2dc58bb85652
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Date deposited: 17 Jan 2020 17:32
Last modified: 12 Nov 2024 05:05
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Contributors
Author:
Natalie J. Cox
Author:
Sian M. Robinson
Author:
Avan A. Sayer
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