Staphylococcus aureus aggregates on orthopedic materials under varying levels of shear stress
Staphylococcus aureus aggregates on orthopedic materials under varying levels of shear stress
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) occurring after artificial joint replacement is a major clinical issue requiring multiple surgeries and antibiotic interventions. Staphylococcus aureus is the bacterium most commonly responsible for PJI. Recent in vitro research has shown that staphylococcal strains rapidly form aggregates in the presence of synovial fluid (SF). We hypothesize that these aggregates provide early protection to bacteria entering the wound site, allowing them time to attach to the implant surface, leading to biofilm formation. Thus, understanding the attachment kinetics of these aggregates is critical in understanding their adhesion to various biomaterial surfaces. In this study, the number, size, and surface area coverage of aggregates as well as of single cells of S. aureus were quantified under various conditions on different orthopedic materials relevant to orthopedic surgery: stainless steel (316L), titanium (Ti), hydroxyapatite (HA), and polyethylene (PE). It was observed that, regardless of the material type, SF-induced aggregation resulted in reduced aggregate surface attachment and greater aggregate size than the single-cell populations under various shear stresses. Additionally, the surface area coverage of bacterial aggregates on PE was relatively high compared to that on other materials, which could potentially be due to the rougher surface of PE. Furthermore, increasing shear stress to 78 mPa decreased aggregate attachment to Ti and HA while increasing the aggregates' average size. Therefore, this study demonstrates that SF induced inhibition of aggregate attachment to all materials, suggesting that biofilm formation is initiated by lodging of aggregates on the surface features of implants and host tissues.
Aggregates, Biofilm, Biofilms, Joint infections, Materials, Orthopedic infections, Periprosthetic joints, S. aureus, Synovial fluid
Gupta, Tripti Thapa
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Gupta, N.
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Pestrak, Matthew J.
201ceea9-9ad8-42d5-867b-91565b139327
Dusane, Devendra H.
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Harro, Janette M.
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Horswill, Alexander R.
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Stoodley, Paul
08614665-92a9-4466-806e-20c6daeb483f
17 September 2020
Gupta, Tripti Thapa
81131501-352a-489d-bffe-8910035598f5
Gupta, N.
bf5f5d50-ea55-4ef0-947b-ac8d73ee1072
Pestrak, Matthew J.
201ceea9-9ad8-42d5-867b-91565b139327
Dusane, Devendra H.
9a47c5eb-5587-4f1d-bfd4-8548681be2bc
Harro, Janette M.
d04489a2-46ce-4066-9f32-46cbf4bae0ab
Horswill, Alexander R.
7590c3a8-9933-4300-abed-e1b94faafaa6
Stoodley, Paul
08614665-92a9-4466-806e-20c6daeb483f
Gupta, Tripti Thapa, Gupta, N., Pestrak, Matthew J., Dusane, Devendra H., Harro, Janette M., Horswill, Alexander R. and Stoodley, Paul
(2020)
Staphylococcus aureus aggregates on orthopedic materials under varying levels of shear stress.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 86 (19).
(doi:10.1128/AEM.01234-20).
Abstract
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) occurring after artificial joint replacement is a major clinical issue requiring multiple surgeries and antibiotic interventions. Staphylococcus aureus is the bacterium most commonly responsible for PJI. Recent in vitro research has shown that staphylococcal strains rapidly form aggregates in the presence of synovial fluid (SF). We hypothesize that these aggregates provide early protection to bacteria entering the wound site, allowing them time to attach to the implant surface, leading to biofilm formation. Thus, understanding the attachment kinetics of these aggregates is critical in understanding their adhesion to various biomaterial surfaces. In this study, the number, size, and surface area coverage of aggregates as well as of single cells of S. aureus were quantified under various conditions on different orthopedic materials relevant to orthopedic surgery: stainless steel (316L), titanium (Ti), hydroxyapatite (HA), and polyethylene (PE). It was observed that, regardless of the material type, SF-induced aggregation resulted in reduced aggregate surface attachment and greater aggregate size than the single-cell populations under various shear stresses. Additionally, the surface area coverage of bacterial aggregates on PE was relatively high compared to that on other materials, which could potentially be due to the rougher surface of PE. Furthermore, increasing shear stress to 78 mPa decreased aggregate attachment to Ti and HA while increasing the aggregates' average size. Therefore, this study demonstrates that SF induced inhibition of aggregate attachment to all materials, suggesting that biofilm formation is initiated by lodging of aggregates on the surface features of implants and host tissues.
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More information
Accepted/In Press date: 16 July 2020
e-pub ahead of print date: 24 July 2020
Published date: 17 September 2020
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
This work was supported by NIH grant R01GM124436 (P.S.) and NIH Public Health Service grant AI083211 (A.R.H.).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 American Society for Microbiology.
Keywords:
Aggregates, Biofilm, Biofilms, Joint infections, Materials, Orthopedic infections, Periprosthetic joints, S. aureus, Synovial fluid
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 442802
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/442802
ISSN: 0099-2240
PURE UUID: 6087b0d9-a0d8-42ac-bff9-db487ea37a81
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Date deposited: 27 Jul 2020 16:45
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 05:46
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Contributors
Author:
Tripti Thapa Gupta
Author:
N. Gupta
Author:
Matthew J. Pestrak
Author:
Devendra H. Dusane
Author:
Janette M. Harro
Author:
Alexander R. Horswill
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