The mnemic neglect effect and information about dementia: age differences in recall

Abstract

As the risk of dementia increases with age, the condition represents a more immediate threat for older than for younger adults. Consequently, the strategies that younger and older people use to defend the self against the threat of dementia may vary, with the latter more likely to recruit psychological defence mechanisms such as mnemic neglect (in which information that is threatening to the self is selectively forgotten) to reduce distress. We tested the hypothesis that older (compared to younger) adults are more likely to manifest mnemic neglect for dementia-related information. Fifty-nine younger adults (aged under 50) and 44 older adults (aged over 50) recalled 24 dementia-related statements that were either high or low in negativity. Participants were randomised to recall statements that referred either to themselves or another person. High-negativity, self-referent statements had the most substantial threat potential. Older and younger participants showed different recall patterns: the recall of older (but not younger) participants for high-negativity (vs. low-negativity) dementia-related statements was impaired when these statements referred to the self rather than to another person. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that older, but not younger, adults evince mnemic neglect in response to self-threatening information about dementia.

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Identifiers

ORCID for T. Wildschut: orcid.org/0000-0002-6499-5487

ORCID for C. Sedikides: orcid.org/0000-0003-4036-889X

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