Interpregnancy weight gain and childhood obesity: analysis of a UK population-based cohort
Interpregnancy weight gain and childhood obesity: analysis of a UK population-based cohort
Background: maternal obesity increases the risk of adverse long-term health outcomes in mother and child including childhood obesity. We aimed to investigate the association between interpregnancy weight gain between first and second pregnancies and risk of overweight and obesity in the second child.
Methods: we analysed the healthcare records of 4789 women in Hampshire, UK with their first two singleton live births within a population-based anonymised linked cohort of routine antenatal records (August 2004 and August 2014) with birth/early life data for their children. Measured maternal weight and reported height were recorded at the first antenatal appointment of each pregnancy. Measured child height and weight at 4–5 years were converted to age- and sex-adjusted body mass index (BMI z-score). Log-binomial regression was used to examine the association between maternal interpregnancy weight gain and risk of childhood overweight and obesity in the second child. This was analysed first in the whole sample and then stratified by baseline maternal BMI category.
Results: the prevalence of overweight/obesity in the second child was 19.1% in women who remained weight stable, compared with 28.3% in women with ≥3 kg/m 2 weight gain. Interpregnancy gain of ≥3 kg/m 2 was associated with increased risk of childhood overweight/obesity (adjusted relative risk (95% CI) 1.17 (1.02–1.34)), with attenuation on adjusting for birthweight of the second child (1.08 (0.94–1.24)). In women within the normal weight range at first pregnancy, the risks of childhood obesity (≥95th centile) were increased with gains of 1–3 kg/m 2 (1.74 (1.07–2.83)) and ≥3 kg/m 2 (1.87 (1.18–3.01)).
Conclusion: children of mothers within the normal weight range in their first pregnancy who started their second pregnancy with a considerably higher weight were more likely to have obesity at 4–5 years. Supporting return to pre-pregnancy weight and limiting weight gain between pregnancies may achieve better long-term maternal and offspring outcomes.
Ziauddeen, Nida
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Huang, Jonathan
a0a566ec-2048-46b1-89c5-555418371526
Taylor, Elizabeth
880bd662-b8bb-46a2-8db1-7fe31bd540ae
Roderick, Paul
dbb3cd11-4c51-4844-982b-0eb30ad5085a
Godfrey, Keith
0931701e-fe2c-44b5-8f0d-ec5c7477a6fd
Alwan, Nisreen
0d37b320-f325-4ed3-ba51-0fe2866d5382
13 October 2021
Ziauddeen, Nida
8b233a4a-9763-410b-90c7-df5c7d1a26e4
Huang, Jonathan
a0a566ec-2048-46b1-89c5-555418371526
Taylor, Elizabeth
880bd662-b8bb-46a2-8db1-7fe31bd540ae
Roderick, Paul
dbb3cd11-4c51-4844-982b-0eb30ad5085a
Godfrey, Keith
0931701e-fe2c-44b5-8f0d-ec5c7477a6fd
Alwan, Nisreen
0d37b320-f325-4ed3-ba51-0fe2866d5382
Ziauddeen, Nida, Huang, Jonathan, Taylor, Elizabeth, Roderick, Paul, Godfrey, Keith and Alwan, Nisreen
(2021)
Interpregnancy weight gain and childhood obesity: analysis of a UK population-based cohort.
International Journal of Obesity.
(doi:10.1038/s41366-021-00979-z).
Abstract
Background: maternal obesity increases the risk of adverse long-term health outcomes in mother and child including childhood obesity. We aimed to investigate the association between interpregnancy weight gain between first and second pregnancies and risk of overweight and obesity in the second child.
Methods: we analysed the healthcare records of 4789 women in Hampshire, UK with their first two singleton live births within a population-based anonymised linked cohort of routine antenatal records (August 2004 and August 2014) with birth/early life data for their children. Measured maternal weight and reported height were recorded at the first antenatal appointment of each pregnancy. Measured child height and weight at 4–5 years were converted to age- and sex-adjusted body mass index (BMI z-score). Log-binomial regression was used to examine the association between maternal interpregnancy weight gain and risk of childhood overweight and obesity in the second child. This was analysed first in the whole sample and then stratified by baseline maternal BMI category.
Results: the prevalence of overweight/obesity in the second child was 19.1% in women who remained weight stable, compared with 28.3% in women with ≥3 kg/m 2 weight gain. Interpregnancy gain of ≥3 kg/m 2 was associated with increased risk of childhood overweight/obesity (adjusted relative risk (95% CI) 1.17 (1.02–1.34)), with attenuation on adjusting for birthweight of the second child (1.08 (0.94–1.24)). In women within the normal weight range at first pregnancy, the risks of childhood obesity (≥95th centile) were increased with gains of 1–3 kg/m 2 (1.74 (1.07–2.83)) and ≥3 kg/m 2 (1.87 (1.18–3.01)).
Conclusion: children of mothers within the normal weight range in their first pregnancy who started their second pregnancy with a considerably higher weight were more likely to have obesity at 4–5 years. Supporting return to pre-pregnancy weight and limiting weight gain between pregnancies may achieve better long-term maternal and offspring outcomes.
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IPweightchange_OwOb_R2-final-clean-submitted
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s41366-021-00979-z
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Accepted/In Press date: 29 September 2021
e-pub ahead of print date: 13 October 2021
Published date: 13 October 2021
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
This work is supported by an Academy of Medical Sciences and Wellcome Trust Grant [AMS_HOP001\1060 to NAA]. KMG is supported by the UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12011/4), the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR Senior Investigator (NF-SI-0515-10042), NIHR Southampton 1000DaysPlus Global Nutrition Research Group (17/63/154) and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (IS-BRC-1215-20004)), the European Union (Erasmus+ Programme Early Nutrition eAcademy Southeast Asia-573651-EPP-1-2016-1-DE-EPPKA2-CBHE-JP and ImpENSA 598488-EPP-1-2018-1-DE-EPPKA2-CBHE-JP), the British Heart Foundation (RG/15/17/3174), the US National Institute On Aging of the National Institutes of Health (Award No. U24AG047867) and the UK ESRC and BBSRC (Award No. ES/M00919X/1). NAA is in receipt of research support from the National Institute for Health Research, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre and NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 451880
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/451880
ISSN: 0307-0565
PURE UUID: 88641451-2b2b-4d78-80cc-e66424308cfa
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Date deposited: 02 Nov 2021 17:42
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 03:59
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Author:
Nida Ziauddeen
Author:
Jonathan Huang
Author:
Elizabeth Taylor
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