Methylation of Host Genes Associated with Coronavirus Infection from Birth to 26 Years
Methylation of Host Genes Associated with Coronavirus Infection from Birth to 26 Years
DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns over time at 1146 CpGs on coronavirus-related genes were assessed to understand whether the varying differences in susceptibility, symptoms, and the outcomes of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and young adults could be explained through epigenetic alterations in a host cell’s transcriptional apparatus to coronaviruses. DNAm data from the Isle of Wight birth cohort (IOWBC) at birth, 10, 18, and 26 years of age were included. Linear mixed models with repeated measurements stratified by sex were used to examine temporal patterns, and cluster analysis was performed to identify CpGs following similar patterns. CpGs on autosomes and sex chromosomes were analyzed separately. The association of identified CpGs and expression of their genes were evaluated. Pathway enrichment analyses of the genes was conducted at FDR = 0.05. DNAm at 635 of the 1146 CpGs on autosomes showed statistically significant time effects (FDR = 0.05). The 635 CpGs were classified into five clusters with each representing a unique temporal pattern of DNAm. Of the 29 CpGs on sex chromosomes, DNAm at seven CpGs in males and eight CpGs in females showed time effects (FDR = 0.05). Sex-specific and non-specific associations of DNAm with gene expression were found at 24 and 93 CpGs, respectively. Genes which mapped the 643 CpGs represent 460 biological processes. We suggest that the observed variability in DNAm with advancing age may partially explain differing susceptibility, disease severity, and mortality of coronavirus infections among different age groups.
Coronavirus, COVID-19, DNA methylation, Epigenetics, IoW cohort, SARS-CoV2, Humans, Male, DNA Methylation, Adolescent, COVID-19/genetics, CpG Islands, Adult, Female, Epigenome, Child
Patel, Rutu
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Rathod, Aniruddha
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Rahimabad, Parnian Kheirkhah
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Duan, Jiasong
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Zhang, Hongmei
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Arshad, S. Hasan
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Karmaus, Wilfred
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31 July 2021
Patel, Rutu
291b880a-bd26-4649-9124-f1577d4f5002
Rathod, Aniruddha
ad171ed4-9a16-436d-8811-26930180288b
Rahimabad, Parnian Kheirkhah
2afee050-98f5-433f-b353-73ce7b5087ed
Duan, Jiasong
c8f2e3fe-413f-4cd5-9a1c-28830d36ef04
Zhang, Hongmei
9f774048-54d6-4321-a252-3887b2c76db0
Arshad, S. Hasan
917e246d-2e60-472f-8d30-94b01ef28958
Karmaus, Wilfred
fff03ed3-75af-4ebc-a410-aca9f91f0683
Patel, Rutu, Rathod, Aniruddha, Rahimabad, Parnian Kheirkhah, Duan, Jiasong, Zhang, Hongmei, Arshad, S. Hasan and Karmaus, Wilfred
(2021)
Methylation of Host Genes Associated with Coronavirus Infection from Birth to 26 Years.
Genes, 12 (8), [1198].
(doi:10.3390/genes12081198).
Abstract
DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns over time at 1146 CpGs on coronavirus-related genes were assessed to understand whether the varying differences in susceptibility, symptoms, and the outcomes of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and young adults could be explained through epigenetic alterations in a host cell’s transcriptional apparatus to coronaviruses. DNAm data from the Isle of Wight birth cohort (IOWBC) at birth, 10, 18, and 26 years of age were included. Linear mixed models with repeated measurements stratified by sex were used to examine temporal patterns, and cluster analysis was performed to identify CpGs following similar patterns. CpGs on autosomes and sex chromosomes were analyzed separately. The association of identified CpGs and expression of their genes were evaluated. Pathway enrichment analyses of the genes was conducted at FDR = 0.05. DNAm at 635 of the 1146 CpGs on autosomes showed statistically significant time effects (FDR = 0.05). The 635 CpGs were classified into five clusters with each representing a unique temporal pattern of DNAm. Of the 29 CpGs on sex chromosomes, DNAm at seven CpGs in males and eight CpGs in females showed time effects (FDR = 0.05). Sex-specific and non-specific associations of DNAm with gene expression were found at 24 and 93 CpGs, respectively. Genes which mapped the 643 CpGs represent 460 biological processes. We suggest that the observed variability in DNAm with advancing age may partially explain differing susceptibility, disease severity, and mortality of coronavirus infections among different age groups.
Text
genes-12-01198-v4
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Accepted/In Press date: 29 July 2021
Published date: 31 July 2021
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
This research was funded by National Institutes of Health (NIH) research fund, grant number R01AI121226, R01HL132321 and R01AI091905?. ?The Isle of Wight Birth Cohort assessments was funded by NIH research fund, grant number R01HL082925; Asthma UK, grant number 364; and the David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Trust
Keywords:
Coronavirus, COVID-19, DNA methylation, Epigenetics, IoW cohort, SARS-CoV2, Humans, Male, DNA Methylation, Adolescent, COVID-19/genetics, CpG Islands, Adult, Female, Epigenome, Child
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 453367
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/453367
ISSN: 2073-4425
PURE UUID: abc50091-e29d-4e96-bc3b-6458eb880ad8
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Date deposited: 13 Jan 2022 18:16
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 12:51
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Contributors
Author:
Rutu Patel
Author:
Aniruddha Rathod
Author:
Parnian Kheirkhah Rahimabad
Author:
Jiasong Duan
Author:
Hongmei Zhang
Author:
Wilfred Karmaus
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