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Incidence of hip fracture in Saudi Arabia and the development of a FRAX model

Incidence of hip fracture in Saudi Arabia and the development of a FRAX model
Incidence of hip fracture in Saudi Arabia and the development of a FRAX model

Summary: A prospective hospital-based survey in representative regions of Saudi Arabia determined the incidence of fractures at the hip. The hip fracture rates were used to create a FRAX® model to facilitate fracture risk assessment in Saudi Arabia. Objective: This paper describes the incidence of hip fracture in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia that was used to characterize the current and future burden of hip fracture, to develop a country-specific FRAX® tool for fracture prediction and to compare fracture probabilities with neighbouring countries. Methods: During a 2-year (2017/2018) prospective survey in 15 hospitals with a defined catchment population, hip fractures in Saudi citizens were prospectively identified from hospital registers. The number of hip fractures and future burden was determined from national demography. Age- and sex-specific incidence of hip fracture and national mortality rates were incorporated into a FRAX model for Saudi Arabia. Fracture probabilities were compared with those from Kuwait and Abu Dhabi. Results: The incidence of hip fracture applied nationally suggested that the estimated number of hip fractures nationwide in persons over the age of 50 years for 2015 was 2,949 and is predicted to increase nearly sevenfold to 20,328 in 2050. Hip fracture rates were comparable with estimates from Abu Dhabi and Kuwait. By contrast, probabilities of a major osteoporotic fracture or hip fracture from the age of 70 years were much lower than those seen in Abu Dhabi and Kuwait due to higher mortality estimates for Saudi Arabia. Conclusion: A country-specific FRAX tool for fracture prediction has been developed for Saudi Arabia which is expected to help guide decisions about treatment.

FRAX, Fracture probability, Hip fracture, Osteoporosis epidemiology, Saudi Arabia
1862-3522
56
Al-Saleh, Yousef
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Sulimani, Riad
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Alomary, Shaker
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Alnajjar, Yassmeen
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Vandenput, Liesbeth
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Liu, Enwu
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Lorentzon, Mattias
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Harvey, Nicholas
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Eugene, McCloskey
907f53ab-b84f-40f7-9718-3c34c3fc7916
Johansson, Helena
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Kanis, John A.
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Saudi FRAX Study Group
Al-Saleh, Yousef
b6a30c8e-441b-418f-9c77-cf61799fd2b1
Sulimani, Riad
b53ee653-3b91-44db-be46-dd6ad0e7e7f7
Alomary, Shaker
bd526f1a-bb7c-49e1-8bfa-d88457ec74cd
Alnajjar, Yassmeen
19ce6609-8a94-474b-82ff-b3eda8ebb303
Vandenput, Liesbeth
0910d143-4b58-4579-82b0-3810272f1814
Liu, Enwu
08027c15-9e71-44bb-9623-3081f5f6492d
Lorentzon, Mattias
9d78ed25-2b0c-46c5-a2db-a8b246af0956
Harvey, Nicholas
ce487fb4-d360-4aac-9d17-9466d6cba145
Eugene, McCloskey
907f53ab-b84f-40f7-9718-3c34c3fc7916
Johansson, Helena
04f12338-4dd1-437b-b9bc-e0884130c215
Kanis, John A.
f1621d8d-8afb-4d97-9679-2165d88a344d

Al-Saleh, Yousef, Sulimani, Riad, Alomary, Shaker, Alnajjar, Yassmeen, Vandenput, Liesbeth, Liu, Enwu, Lorentzon, Mattias, Harvey, Nicholas, Eugene, McCloskey, Johansson, Helena and Kanis, John A. , Saudi FRAX Study Group (2022) Incidence of hip fracture in Saudi Arabia and the development of a FRAX model. Archives of Osteoporosis, 17 (1), 56, [56]. (doi:10.1007/s11657-022-01085-x).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Summary: A prospective hospital-based survey in representative regions of Saudi Arabia determined the incidence of fractures at the hip. The hip fracture rates were used to create a FRAX® model to facilitate fracture risk assessment in Saudi Arabia. Objective: This paper describes the incidence of hip fracture in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia that was used to characterize the current and future burden of hip fracture, to develop a country-specific FRAX® tool for fracture prediction and to compare fracture probabilities with neighbouring countries. Methods: During a 2-year (2017/2018) prospective survey in 15 hospitals with a defined catchment population, hip fractures in Saudi citizens were prospectively identified from hospital registers. The number of hip fractures and future burden was determined from national demography. Age- and sex-specific incidence of hip fracture and national mortality rates were incorporated into a FRAX model for Saudi Arabia. Fracture probabilities were compared with those from Kuwait and Abu Dhabi. Results: The incidence of hip fracture applied nationally suggested that the estimated number of hip fractures nationwide in persons over the age of 50 years for 2015 was 2,949 and is predicted to increase nearly sevenfold to 20,328 in 2050. Hip fracture rates were comparable with estimates from Abu Dhabi and Kuwait. By contrast, probabilities of a major osteoporotic fracture or hip fracture from the age of 70 years were much lower than those seen in Abu Dhabi and Kuwait due to higher mortality estimates for Saudi Arabia. Conclusion: A country-specific FRAX tool for fracture prediction has been developed for Saudi Arabia which is expected to help guide decisions about treatment.

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Saudi FRAX model report v4 OSIN R2 - Accepted Manuscript
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Accepted/In Press date: 23 February 2022
Published date: 2 April 2022
Additional Information: Funding Information: The authors would like to thank all staff of participating Hospitals in data collection and staff of the General Directorate for Health Programs and Chronic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia.Sincere thanks to Lilly for supporting the Saudi FRAX Project with an unrestricted grant. Saudi FRAX Study Group Name Affiliation Nasser M Al-Daghri Chair of Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Abdelgadier Ibrahim Jamo Department of Health Programs and Chronic Diseases, Osteoporosis Prevention Program, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Abdullah Ahmed Hawsawi Department of Orthopedic, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Ministry of Defense Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Fatima Ali Mohamed Department of Orthopedic, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Ministry of Defense, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Talha Mohammedsaeed Khojah Department of Orthopaedics, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Makkah, Saudi Arabia Eman Abdulrahman Sheshah Endocrine and Diabetes Center, King Salman Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Waleed A Hashem Endocrine Department, King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Abdulgani Omar Hijazi Department of Orthopedics, King Khaled Hospital, Ministry of Health, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia Samer Merei Kanani Department of Orthopaedics, King Khaled Hospital, Ministry of Health, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia Ashwag Saleh Alfagih Endocrine and Diabetes Centre, King Fahad Central hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan, Saudi Arabia Kamil Muslim Albouri Department of Orthopedics, AlQatif Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, AlQatif, Saudi Arabia Osama Fawaz Alsobyhy General Directorate of Health Program and Chronic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia Mohammed Zayed Almutairi Department of Medicine, Security Forces Hospital, Ministry of Interior, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Mussa Hussain Almalki Obesity, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia College of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Nadia Abd Elhamid Kassem Prince Mishari Hospital, Ministry of Health, Baljurashi, Saudi Arabia Mutaz Mohamed Ali General Directorate of Health Affairs, Public Health Administration, Ministry of Health, Najran, Saudi Arabia Fahad A Alamri Global Center of Mass Gatherings Medicine, Public Health Agency, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Fahad Mohammed Alshahrani College of Medicine, King Saudi Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Department of Family Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Hanan Mohammed AlRayes Division of Rheumatology, Deaprtment of Medicine, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Ministry of Defense, Saudi Arabia Mir Sadat-Ali Departemnt of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia Mohammed Abdulrahman Alharbi Department of Orthopedics, Dammam Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, Dammam, Saudi Arabia Mohammed AlShaker Department of Family Medicine and Polyclinics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and research center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Mona A Fouda Department of Medicine College of Medicine King Khalid University Hospital King Saud University Medical City Kind Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Salwa Berlian Alaidarous College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Mohammed Almohaya Obesity, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, King Fahad Medical City, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Najla Alfateh Saleh King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Soad Saleh Cell Biology and Diabetes Research Unit, Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).
Keywords: FRAX, Fracture probability, Hip fracture, Osteoporosis epidemiology, Saudi Arabia
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Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 456620
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/456620
DOI: doi:10.1007/s11657-022-01085-x
ISSN: 1862-3522
PURE UUID: fada7b8c-ced6-41aa-aed7-6a637379e37c
ORCID for Nicholas Harvey: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-8194-2512

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Date deposited: 05 May 2022 16:56
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 02:58

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Contributors

Author: Yousef Al-Saleh
Author: Riad Sulimani
Author: Shaker Alomary
Author: Yassmeen Alnajjar
Author: Liesbeth Vandenput
Author: Enwu Liu
Author: Mattias Lorentzon
Author: Nicholas Harvey ORCID iD
Author: McCloskey Eugene
Author: Helena Johansson
Author: John A. Kanis
Corporate Author: Saudi FRAX Study Group

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