Resolution of, and risk of incident non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with changes in serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D status
Resolution of, and risk of incident non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with changes in serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D status
Context: A protective or causative role of vitamin D status on the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains inconclusive. Objective: To evaluate the association between changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] status during follow-up and the risk of incident NAFLD and resolution of preexisting NAFLD. Design: A retrospective cohort study. Setting: Kangbuk Samsung Health Study based on routine health screening examinations. Participants: Korean adults (mean age, 36.8 years; range, 18-96 years) who underwent comprehensive health examinations including assessment of serum 25(OH)D levels Main Outcome Measures: The main outcomes were (1) incidence and (2) resolution of NAFLD assessed by liver ultrasound. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs for outcomes according to serum 25(OH)D levels. Results: Among 139 599 participants without NAFLD at baseline, 27 531 developed NAFLD during follow-up. Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly and inversely associated with NAFLD development. Among 48 702 participants with NAFLD at baseline, 13 449 showed NAFLD resolution. Multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI) for NAFLD resolution comparing 25(OH)D 10 to <20, 20 to <30, and ≥30 ng/mL to <10 ng/mL were 1.09 (1.03-1.15), 1.13 (1.06-1.21), and 1.21 (1.09-1.35), respectively. Additionally, an increase in 25(OH)D levels between baseline and the subsequent visit (median, 1.8 years) was associated with decreased NAFLD incidence, while persistently adequate 25(OH)D levels over time was associated with decreased incidence and increased resolution of NAFLD. Conclusions: Maintaining adequate serum 25(OH)D concentrations may be beneficial for both prevention as well as resolution of NAFLD.
cohort study, incidence, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, resolution, serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D
e3437-e3447
Kim, Yejin
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Chang, Yoosoo
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Ryu, Seungho
6b491c55-8fb2-41eb-9c7b-e76bca60d03d
Cho, In Young
bb40c73c-7224-4c85-8f31-a954ef752adf
Kwon, Min-Jung
e678ffe4-13dc-493d-82d3-aea85c4e4d51
Sohn, Won
84593228-9725-4789-97fa-2f1c3c532a14
Kim, Mi Kyung
01afebb5-bdb8-4f30-90be-498e15171e6f
Wild, Sarah H.
2bbbf5a4-f822-4659-b071-8a7bca3c45a2
Byrne, Christopher
1370b997-cead-4229-83a7-53301ed2a43c
1 August 2022
Kim, Yejin
d3d87345-a822-44f9-a67b-eb72d4ad2eb0
Chang, Yoosoo
a26a255b-5986-49a8-8621-37c49e09be47
Ryu, Seungho
6b491c55-8fb2-41eb-9c7b-e76bca60d03d
Cho, In Young
bb40c73c-7224-4c85-8f31-a954ef752adf
Kwon, Min-Jung
e678ffe4-13dc-493d-82d3-aea85c4e4d51
Sohn, Won
84593228-9725-4789-97fa-2f1c3c532a14
Kim, Mi Kyung
01afebb5-bdb8-4f30-90be-498e15171e6f
Wild, Sarah H.
2bbbf5a4-f822-4659-b071-8a7bca3c45a2
Byrne, Christopher
1370b997-cead-4229-83a7-53301ed2a43c
Kim, Yejin, Chang, Yoosoo, Ryu, Seungho, Cho, In Young, Kwon, Min-Jung, Sohn, Won, Kim, Mi Kyung, Wild, Sarah H. and Byrne, Christopher
(2022)
Resolution of, and risk of incident non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with changes in serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D status.
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 107 (8), , [dgac255].
(doi:10.1210/clinem/dgac255).
Abstract
Context: A protective or causative role of vitamin D status on the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains inconclusive. Objective: To evaluate the association between changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] status during follow-up and the risk of incident NAFLD and resolution of preexisting NAFLD. Design: A retrospective cohort study. Setting: Kangbuk Samsung Health Study based on routine health screening examinations. Participants: Korean adults (mean age, 36.8 years; range, 18-96 years) who underwent comprehensive health examinations including assessment of serum 25(OH)D levels Main Outcome Measures: The main outcomes were (1) incidence and (2) resolution of NAFLD assessed by liver ultrasound. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs for outcomes according to serum 25(OH)D levels. Results: Among 139 599 participants without NAFLD at baseline, 27 531 developed NAFLD during follow-up. Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly and inversely associated with NAFLD development. Among 48 702 participants with NAFLD at baseline, 13 449 showed NAFLD resolution. Multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI) for NAFLD resolution comparing 25(OH)D 10 to <20, 20 to <30, and ≥30 ng/mL to <10 ng/mL were 1.09 (1.03-1.15), 1.13 (1.06-1.21), and 1.21 (1.09-1.35), respectively. Additionally, an increase in 25(OH)D levels between baseline and the subsequent visit (median, 1.8 years) was associated with decreased NAFLD incidence, while persistently adequate 25(OH)D levels over time was associated with decreased incidence and increased resolution of NAFLD. Conclusions: Maintaining adequate serum 25(OH)D concentrations may be beneficial for both prevention as well as resolution of NAFLD.
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Accepted/In Press date: 20 April 2022
e-pub ahead of print date: 23 April 2022
Published date: 1 August 2022
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
This paper was supported by the SKKU Excellence in Research Award Research Fund, Sungkyunkwan University, 2020. C.D.B. is supported in part by the Southampton National Institute for Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Center (IS-BRC-20004), UK.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Endocrine Society. All rights reserved.
Keywords:
cohort study, incidence, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, resolution, serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 456963
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/456963
ISSN: 0021-972X
PURE UUID: aa3c9670-0a16-42c3-9674-709e2fd712e6
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Date deposited: 18 May 2022 16:54
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 07:16
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Contributors
Author:
Yejin Kim
Author:
Yoosoo Chang
Author:
Seungho Ryu
Author:
In Young Cho
Author:
Min-Jung Kwon
Author:
Won Sohn
Author:
Mi Kyung Kim
Author:
Sarah H. Wild
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