Pros and Cons of Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Cardiovascular Health
Pros and Cons of Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Cardiovascular Health
The long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are found in seafood, supplements, and concentrated pharmaceutical preparations. Prospective cohort studies demonstrate an association between higher intakes of EPA+DHA or higher levels of EPA and DHA in the body and lower risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), especially coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction, and of cardiovascular mortality in the general population. The cardioprotective effect of EPA and DHA is due to the beneficial modulation of a number of risk factors for CVD. Some large trials support the use of EPA+DHA (or EPA alone) in high-risk patients, although the evidence is inconsistent. This review presents key studies of EPA and DHA in the primary and secondary prevention of CVD, briefly describes potential mechanisms of action, and discusses recently published RCTs and meta-analyses. Potential adverse aspects of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in relation to CVD are discussed.
docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, fish oil, heart disease, omega-3 fatty acid, risk factor, Omega-3 fatty acid
383-406
Djuricic, Ivana
026d50b0-0c67-4f43-96fc-26e68dea0198
Calder, Philip
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
20 January 2023
Djuricic, Ivana
026d50b0-0c67-4f43-96fc-26e68dea0198
Calder, Philip
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
Djuricic, Ivana and Calder, Philip
(2023)
Pros and Cons of Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Cardiovascular Health.
Annual Review of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 63, .
(doi:10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051921-090208).
Abstract
The long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are found in seafood, supplements, and concentrated pharmaceutical preparations. Prospective cohort studies demonstrate an association between higher intakes of EPA+DHA or higher levels of EPA and DHA in the body and lower risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), especially coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction, and of cardiovascular mortality in the general population. The cardioprotective effect of EPA and DHA is due to the beneficial modulation of a number of risk factors for CVD. Some large trials support the use of EPA+DHA (or EPA alone) in high-risk patients, although the evidence is inconsistent. This review presents key studies of EPA and DHA in the primary and secondary prevention of CVD, briefly describes potential mechanisms of action, and discusses recently published RCTs and meta-analyses. Potential adverse aspects of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in relation to CVD are discussed.
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Djuricic and Calder_Final_Revised
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Accepted/In Press date: 18 April 2022
Published date: 20 January 2023
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© 2023 by the author(s).
Keywords:
docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, fish oil, heart disease, omega-3 fatty acid, risk factor, Omega-3 fatty acid
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Local EPrints ID: 457048
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/457048
PURE UUID: 781621a8-2597-4d6a-88ae-865587e00d3c
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Date deposited: 20 May 2022 16:47
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 07:17
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Author:
Ivana Djuricic
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