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Peri-conceptional diet patterns and the risk of Gestational diabetes mellitus in south Indian women

Peri-conceptional diet patterns and the risk of Gestational diabetes mellitus in south Indian women
Peri-conceptional diet patterns and the risk of Gestational diabetes mellitus in south Indian women
Objective: to identify peri-conceptional diet patterns among women in Bangalore, and examine their associations with risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.
Design: BANGLES, started in June 2016, was a prospective observational study, in which women were recruited at 5-16 weeks’ gestation. Peri-conceptional diet was recalled at recruitment, using a validated 224-item food frequency questionnaire. GDM was assessed by a 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test at 24-28 weeks’ gestation, applying WHO 2013 criteria. Diet patterns were identified using principal component analysis and diet pattern-GDM associations were examined using multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for ‘a priori’ confounders.
Setting: antenatal clinics of two hospitals, Bangalore, South India
Participants: 785 pregnant women of varied socio-economic status
Results: GDM prevalence was 22%. Three diet patterns were identified: a) High-diversity, urban (HDU) characterised by diverse, home-cooked and processed foods was associated with older, more affluent, better-educated and urban women; b) Rice-fried snacks-chicken-sweets (RFCS), characterised by low diet-diversity, was associated with younger, less-educated, and lower income, rural and joint families; c) Healthy, traditional vegetarian (HTV), characterised by home-cooked-vegetarian and non-processed foods was associated with less-educated, more affluent, and rural and joint families. The HDU pattern was associated with a lower GDM risk (aOR: 0.80 per SD, 95% CI: 0.64, 0.99, p=0.04) after adjusting for confounders. BMI was strongly related to GDM risk and possibly mediated diet-GDM associations.
Conclusions: the findings support global recommendations to encourage women to attain a healthy pre-pregnancy BMI and increase diet-diversity. Both healthy and unhealthy foods in the patterns indicate low-awareness about healthy foods and a need for public-education.
Diet patterns, Gestational diabetes mellitus and india, Peri-conceptional, Prospective study
1368-9800
Mahendra, Anvesha
dd66cd67-47dc-4f29-87e3-61f3ab4fcd0f
Kehoe, Sarah
534e5729-632b-4b4f-8401-164d8c20aa26
Crozier, Sarah
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Kumaran, Kalyanaraman
de6f872c-7339-4a52-be84-e3bbae707744
Krishnaveni, G. V.
eb73f522-17b0-4aa9-a7c7-df0014ced8c3
Arun, Nalini
3111d1e4-89b0-42cc-a6bc-21e3892a332c
Padmaja,
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Kini, Prakash
003f96c0-c3ee-4292-8096-cd847a5cc59a
Taskeen, Unaiza
b189602d-6603-46d4-b166-35f599a8ec22
Kombanda, Krupa T.
067acc8d-52c6-4b07-a012-330fe7a3599f
Johnson, Matthew James
d272ca76-f017-4457-96f5-daf6a7af6adf
Osmond, Clive
2677bf85-494f-4a78-adf8-580e1b8acb81
Fall, Caroline
7171a105-34f5-4131-89d7-1aa639893b18
Mahendra, Anvesha
dd66cd67-47dc-4f29-87e3-61f3ab4fcd0f
Kehoe, Sarah
534e5729-632b-4b4f-8401-164d8c20aa26
Crozier, Sarah
9c3595ce-45b0-44fa-8c4c-4c555e628a03
Kumaran, Kalyanaraman
de6f872c-7339-4a52-be84-e3bbae707744
Krishnaveni, G. V.
eb73f522-17b0-4aa9-a7c7-df0014ced8c3
Arun, Nalini
3111d1e4-89b0-42cc-a6bc-21e3892a332c
Padmaja,
c1af7cd2-52d5-41a7-aeba-8d802251a7b6
Kini, Prakash
003f96c0-c3ee-4292-8096-cd847a5cc59a
Taskeen, Unaiza
b189602d-6603-46d4-b166-35f599a8ec22
Kombanda, Krupa T.
067acc8d-52c6-4b07-a012-330fe7a3599f
Johnson, Matthew James
d272ca76-f017-4457-96f5-daf6a7af6adf
Osmond, Clive
2677bf85-494f-4a78-adf8-580e1b8acb81
Fall, Caroline
7171a105-34f5-4131-89d7-1aa639893b18

Mahendra, Anvesha, Kehoe, Sarah, Crozier, Sarah, Kumaran, Kalyanaraman, Krishnaveni, G. V., Arun, Nalini, Padmaja, , Kini, Prakash, Taskeen, Unaiza, Kombanda, Krupa T., Johnson, Matthew James, Osmond, Clive and Fall, Caroline (2022) Peri-conceptional diet patterns and the risk of Gestational diabetes mellitus in south Indian women. Public Health Nutrition. (doi:10.1017/S1368980022001288).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Objective: to identify peri-conceptional diet patterns among women in Bangalore, and examine their associations with risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.
Design: BANGLES, started in June 2016, was a prospective observational study, in which women were recruited at 5-16 weeks’ gestation. Peri-conceptional diet was recalled at recruitment, using a validated 224-item food frequency questionnaire. GDM was assessed by a 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test at 24-28 weeks’ gestation, applying WHO 2013 criteria. Diet patterns were identified using principal component analysis and diet pattern-GDM associations were examined using multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for ‘a priori’ confounders.
Setting: antenatal clinics of two hospitals, Bangalore, South India
Participants: 785 pregnant women of varied socio-economic status
Results: GDM prevalence was 22%. Three diet patterns were identified: a) High-diversity, urban (HDU) characterised by diverse, home-cooked and processed foods was associated with older, more affluent, better-educated and urban women; b) Rice-fried snacks-chicken-sweets (RFCS), characterised by low diet-diversity, was associated with younger, less-educated, and lower income, rural and joint families; c) Healthy, traditional vegetarian (HTV), characterised by home-cooked-vegetarian and non-processed foods was associated with less-educated, more affluent, and rural and joint families. The HDU pattern was associated with a lower GDM risk (aOR: 0.80 per SD, 95% CI: 0.64, 0.99, p=0.04) after adjusting for confounders. BMI was strongly related to GDM risk and possibly mediated diet-GDM associations.
Conclusions: the findings support global recommendations to encourage women to attain a healthy pre-pregnancy BMI and increase diet-diversity. Both healthy and unhealthy foods in the patterns indicate low-awareness about healthy foods and a need for public-education.

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Accepted/In Press date: 27 May 2022
e-pub ahead of print date: 27 May 2022
Published date: 27 May 2022
Additional Information: Publisher Copyright: © The Authors 2022.
Keywords: Diet patterns, Gestational diabetes mellitus and india, Peri-conceptional, Prospective study

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 457975
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/457975
ISSN: 1368-9800
PURE UUID: d5a87a25-8db1-47b3-a667-3dce7e335cde
ORCID for Sarah Kehoe: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-2584-7999
ORCID for Sarah Crozier: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-9524-1127
ORCID for Clive Osmond: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-9054-4655
ORCID for Caroline Fall: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-4402-5552

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Date deposited: 23 Jun 2022 18:01
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 02:52

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Contributors

Author: Anvesha Mahendra
Author: Sarah Kehoe ORCID iD
Author: Sarah Crozier ORCID iD
Author: G. V. Krishnaveni
Author: Nalini Arun
Author: Padmaja
Author: Prakash Kini
Author: Unaiza Taskeen
Author: Krupa T. Kombanda
Author: Matthew James Johnson
Author: Clive Osmond ORCID iD
Author: Caroline Fall ORCID iD

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