Medieval Hampshire : studies in landscape history

Abstract

This thesis examines aspects of the medieval landscape of Hampshire using interdisciplinary methods and a variety of sources. The initial question posed was what was the place and function of moated residences in the landscape, and this recurs as a theme throughout the work. Hampshire has fewer sites than most English counties, but they show the same characteristics and exhibit the same paradoxes. The inherent problem of studying moated sites, such as the infrequency of site-specific documentation, were compounded by the lack, to date, of research on medieval rural Hampshire. To establish some basic broad trends of economic development certain themes were examined. These included urban growth in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, the agricultural exploitation of the bishop of Winchester's estates, and the distribution of wealth accruing from these activities. The Loddon area, on Hampshire's northern boundary, where the main spatial concentration of moats lies, was studied in detail. Consistency of land use from the prehistoric period to the fourteenth century was shown, with a clear division between the land-use of the clay and the chalk-based soils. The medieval landscape was as far as possible reconstructed, and patterns and influences assessed. Specific attention was paid to the exploitation of Pamber forest which largely covered the study area. Appended are a gazetteer of the county's moated sites, a list of its sites with a licence to crenellate, and a tabulation of the 1327 lay subsidy for Hampshire.

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