Polyunsaturated fatty acids and metabolic health: novel insights
Polyunsaturated fatty acids and metabolic health: novel insights
Purpose of review
This review aims to discuss the potential roles of omega-3 (ω-3) and omega-6 (ω-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases, to provide the latest evidence from epidemiological and clinical studies, and to highlight novel insights into this field.
Recent findings
Higher dietary or circulating ω-3 PUFA levels are related to a lower risk of metabolic syndrome. Novel findings in obesity indicate higher proportions of ω-6 and ω-3 PUFAs, a modulated oxylipin profile and an altered transcriptome in subcutaneous white adipose tissue, that seem resistant to the effects of ω-3 PUFAs compared with what occurs in normal weight individuals. ω-3 PUFAs may improve the blood lipid profile and glycemic outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and reduce liver fat in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); the findings of several recent meta-analyses support these effects. Genetic background affects inter-individual variability in the insulin sensitivity response to ω-3 PUFA supplementation. ω-3 PUFAs have prebiotic effects, altering the gut microbiota.
Summary
Although evidence for health benefits of ω-3 PUFAs is strong, recent findings suggest a more personalized approach to ω-3 PUFA intake for individuals at high risk for metabolic diseases.
diabetes, metabolic diseases, omega-3, omega-6, risk factors
436-442
Djuricic, Ivana
e4c91f46-aadf-42d6-abe2-736ba00be71b
Calder, Philip
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
November 2022
Djuricic, Ivana
e4c91f46-aadf-42d6-abe2-736ba00be71b
Calder, Philip
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
Djuricic, Ivana and Calder, Philip
(2022)
Polyunsaturated fatty acids and metabolic health: novel insights.
Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 25 (6), .
(doi:10.1097/MCO.0000000000000865).
Abstract
Purpose of review
This review aims to discuss the potential roles of omega-3 (ω-3) and omega-6 (ω-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases, to provide the latest evidence from epidemiological and clinical studies, and to highlight novel insights into this field.
Recent findings
Higher dietary or circulating ω-3 PUFA levels are related to a lower risk of metabolic syndrome. Novel findings in obesity indicate higher proportions of ω-6 and ω-3 PUFAs, a modulated oxylipin profile and an altered transcriptome in subcutaneous white adipose tissue, that seem resistant to the effects of ω-3 PUFAs compared with what occurs in normal weight individuals. ω-3 PUFAs may improve the blood lipid profile and glycemic outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and reduce liver fat in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); the findings of several recent meta-analyses support these effects. Genetic background affects inter-individual variability in the insulin sensitivity response to ω-3 PUFA supplementation. ω-3 PUFAs have prebiotic effects, altering the gut microbiota.
Summary
Although evidence for health benefits of ω-3 PUFAs is strong, recent findings suggest a more personalized approach to ω-3 PUFA intake for individuals at high risk for metabolic diseases.
Text
Djuricic and Calder_COCN_Revised
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Polyunsaturated_fatty_acids_and_metabolic_health_.22
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Accepted/In Press date: 18 July 2022
e-pub ahead of print date: 10 August 2022
Published date: November 2022
Additional Information:
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by Annual Reviews.All rights reserved.
Keywords:
diabetes, metabolic diseases, omega-3, omega-6, risk factors
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 468615
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/468615
ISSN: 1363-1950
PURE UUID: fbec0546-ce2c-40b7-ae9f-4bf475302378
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Date deposited: 18 Aug 2022 17:07
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 07:26
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Author:
Ivana Djuricic
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