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A galaxy-driven model of type Ia supernova luminosity variations

A galaxy-driven model of type Ia supernova luminosity variations
A galaxy-driven model of type Ia supernova luminosity variations

Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are used as standardizable candles to measure cosmological distances, but differences remain in their corrected luminosities which display a magnitude step as a function of host galaxy properties such as stellar mass and rest-frame U-R colour. Identifying the cause of these steps is key to cosmological analyses and provides insight into SN physics. Here we investigate the effects of SN progenitor ages on their light-curve properties using a galaxy-based forward model that we compare to the Dark Energy Survey 5-yr SN Ia sample. We trace SN Ia progenitors through time and draw their light-curve width parameters from a bimodal distribution according to their age. We find that an intrinsic luminosity difference between SNe of different ages cannot explain the observed trend between step size and SN colour. The data split by stellar mass are better reproduced by following recent work implementing a step in total-to-selective dust extinction ratio (RV) between low- and high-mass hosts, although an additional intrinsic luminosity step is still required to explain the data split by host galaxy U-R. Modelling the RV step as a function of galaxy age provides a better match overall. Additional age versus luminosity steps marginally improve the match to the data, although most of the step is absorbed by the width versus luminosity coefficient α. Furthermore, we find no evidence that α varies with SN age.

cosmology: observations, dust, extinction, galaxies: evolution, supernovae: general
1365-2966
4587 - 4605
Wiseman, P.
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Sullivan, M.
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Wiseman, P.
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Vincenzi, M.
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Sullivan, M.
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Frohmaier, C.
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Wiseman, P., Vincenzi, M., Sullivan, M., Kelsey, L., Popovic, B., Rose, B., Brout, D., Davis, T. M., Frohmaier, C., Galbany, L., Lidman, C., Möller, A., Scolnic, D., Smith, M., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Annis, J., Bertin, E., Bocquet, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Costanzi, M., Pereira, M. E. S., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Everett, S., Ferrero, I., Friedel, D., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gatti, M., Gaztanaga, E., Gruen, D., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., March, M., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Pieres, A., Plazas Malagón, A. A., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Soares- Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., To, C. and Varga, T. N. (2022) A galaxy-driven model of type Ia supernova luminosity variations. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 515 (3), 4587 - 4605. (doi:10.1093/mnras/stac1984).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are used as standardizable candles to measure cosmological distances, but differences remain in their corrected luminosities which display a magnitude step as a function of host galaxy properties such as stellar mass and rest-frame U-R colour. Identifying the cause of these steps is key to cosmological analyses and provides insight into SN physics. Here we investigate the effects of SN progenitor ages on their light-curve properties using a galaxy-based forward model that we compare to the Dark Energy Survey 5-yr SN Ia sample. We trace SN Ia progenitors through time and draw their light-curve width parameters from a bimodal distribution according to their age. We find that an intrinsic luminosity difference between SNe of different ages cannot explain the observed trend between step size and SN colour. The data split by stellar mass are better reproduced by following recent work implementing a step in total-to-selective dust extinction ratio (RV) between low- and high-mass hosts, although an additional intrinsic luminosity step is still required to explain the data split by host galaxy U-R. Modelling the RV step as a function of galaxy age provides a better match overall. Additional age versus luminosity steps marginally improve the match to the data, although most of the step is absorbed by the width versus luminosity coefficient α. Furthermore, we find no evidence that α varies with SN age.

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Accepted/In Press date: 11 July 2022
e-pub ahead of print date: 25 July 2022
Published date: 25 July 2022
Additional Information: Funding Information: We thank the referee Mickael Rigault for comments which significantly impro v ed this paper. P.W. acknowledges support from the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) grant ST/R000506/1. MS acknowledges support from EU/FP7-ERC grant 615929. LK thanks the UKRI Future Leaders Fellowship for support through the grant MR/T01881X/1. LG acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MCIN), the Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI) 10.13039/501100011033, and the European Social Fund (ESF) 'Investing in your future' under the 2019 Ramon y Cajal program RYC2019-027683-I and the PID2020115253GA-I00 HOSTFLOWS project, from Centro Superior de Investigaciones Cientýficas (CSIC) under the PIE project 20215AT016, and the program Unidad de Excelencia Marýa de Maeztu CEX2020001058-M. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement number 759194 USNAC). Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Te xas A&M Univ ersity, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundaçao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo `a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientýfico e Tecnologico and the Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovaçao, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Surv e y. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgen ¨ossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Z ¨urich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, the Institut de Ci `encies de l'Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Fýsica d'Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universit ¨at M ¨unchen and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, NSF's NOIRLab, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Uni versity, the Uni versity of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory at NSF's NOIRLab (NOIRLab Prop. ID 2012B-0001; PI: J. Frieman), which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-20160597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Se venth Frame work Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.
Keywords: cosmology: observations, dust, extinction, galaxies: evolution, supernovae: general

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 471906
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/471906
ISSN: 1365-2966
PURE UUID: 9635b6ba-3861-4558-8562-682ab586a8ec
ORCID for P. Wiseman: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-3073-1512
ORCID for M. Sullivan: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-4820

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Date deposited: 22 Nov 2022 17:42
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 03:48

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Contributors

Author: P. Wiseman ORCID iD
Author: M. Vincenzi
Author: M. Sullivan ORCID iD
Author: L. Kelsey
Author: B. Popovic
Author: B. Rose
Author: D. Brout
Author: T. M. Davis
Author: C. Frohmaier
Author: L. Galbany
Author: C. Lidman
Author: A. Möller
Author: D. Scolnic
Author: M. Smith
Author: M. Aguena
Author: S. Allam
Author: F. Andrade-Oliveira
Author: J. Annis
Author: E. Bertin
Author: S. Bocquet
Author: D. Brooks
Author: D. L. Burke
Author: A. Carnero Rosell
Author: M. Carrasco Kind
Author: J. Carretero
Author: F. J. Castander
Author: M. Costanzi
Author: M. E. S. Pereira
Author: S. Desai
Author: H. T. Diehl
Author: P. Doel
Author: S. Everett
Author: I. Ferrero
Author: D. Friedel
Author: J. Frieman
Author: J. García-Bellido
Author: M. Gatti
Author: E. Gaztanaga
Author: D. Gruen
Author: J. Gschwend
Author: G. Gutierrez
Author: S. R. Hinton
Author: D. L. Hollowood
Author: K. Honscheid
Author: D. J. James
Author: M. March
Author: F. Menanteau
Author: R. Miquel
Author: R. Morgan
Author: A. Palmese
Author: F. Paz-Chinchón
Author: A. Pieres
Author: A. A. Plazas Malagón
Author: A. K. Romer
Author: E. Sanchez
Author: V. Scarpine
Author: I. Sevilla-Noarbe
Author: M. Soares- Santos
Author: E. Suchyta
Author: G. Tarle
Author: C. To
Author: T. N. Varga

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