Effects of high ambient temperature on electric vehicle efficiency and range: case study of Kuwait
Effects of high ambient temperature on electric vehicle efficiency and range: case study of Kuwait
The use of electric vehicles (EVs) provides a pathway to sustainable transport, reducing emissions and contributing to net-zero carbon aspirations. However, consumer acceptance has been limited by travel range anxiety and a lack of knowledge about EV technology and its infrastructure. This is especially the case in hot and oil-rich areas such as Kuwait, where transport is predominantly fossil fuel-driven. Studying the effects of high ambient temperature on EV efficiency and range is essential to improve EV performance, increase the user base and promote early adoption to secure more environmental benefits. The ability to determine the energy consumption of electric vehicles (EVs) is not only vital to reduce travel range anxiety but also forms an important foundation for the spatial siting, operation and management of EV charging points in cities and towns. This research presents an analysis of data gathered from more than 3000 journeys of an EV in Kuwait representing typical vehicle usage. The average energy intensity and consumption of the car/kilometre travelled were calculated for each journey, along with ambient temperature measured by the vehicle. The analysis indicates that energy intensity reaches a minimum at a starting temperature between 22° C and 23° C. Energy intensity rises with decreasing temperature below this point and with increasing temperature above this point. The results show that many vehicle journeys started with high temperatures, with about half of journeys starting at 30° C or above and approximately a quarter at 40° C or above. Fitting a model to the empirical data for trip starting temperature and energy intensity, average efficiency is impacted at high car temperatures, with energy intensity modelled at 30° C and 40° C to be higher by 6% and 22%, respectively. These findings have implications for vehicle range, EV charging infrastructure and car storage and parking provision.
ambient temperature, energy efficiency, EV auxiliary loads, EV electric consumption, social interaction effects
Hamwi, Hidab
8e2a7677-50b0-4955-b3be-400efcfd03a1
Rushby, Tom
bdb7715f-0331-491c-a9dd-5835f30b0bf8
Mahdy, Mostafa
9e2c23e6-a70e-43a0-bfda-626ba4ff4f85
Bahaj, AbuBakr S.
a64074cc-2b6e-43df-adac-a8437e7f1b37
1 May 2022
Hamwi, Hidab
8e2a7677-50b0-4955-b3be-400efcfd03a1
Rushby, Tom
bdb7715f-0331-491c-a9dd-5835f30b0bf8
Mahdy, Mostafa
9e2c23e6-a70e-43a0-bfda-626ba4ff4f85
Bahaj, AbuBakr S.
a64074cc-2b6e-43df-adac-a8437e7f1b37
Hamwi, Hidab, Rushby, Tom, Mahdy, Mostafa and Bahaj, AbuBakr S.
(2022)
Effects of high ambient temperature on electric vehicle efficiency and range: case study of Kuwait.
Energies, 15 (9), [3178].
(doi:10.3390/en15093178).
Abstract
The use of electric vehicles (EVs) provides a pathway to sustainable transport, reducing emissions and contributing to net-zero carbon aspirations. However, consumer acceptance has been limited by travel range anxiety and a lack of knowledge about EV technology and its infrastructure. This is especially the case in hot and oil-rich areas such as Kuwait, where transport is predominantly fossil fuel-driven. Studying the effects of high ambient temperature on EV efficiency and range is essential to improve EV performance, increase the user base and promote early adoption to secure more environmental benefits. The ability to determine the energy consumption of electric vehicles (EVs) is not only vital to reduce travel range anxiety but also forms an important foundation for the spatial siting, operation and management of EV charging points in cities and towns. This research presents an analysis of data gathered from more than 3000 journeys of an EV in Kuwait representing typical vehicle usage. The average energy intensity and consumption of the car/kilometre travelled were calculated for each journey, along with ambient temperature measured by the vehicle. The analysis indicates that energy intensity reaches a minimum at a starting temperature between 22° C and 23° C. Energy intensity rises with decreasing temperature below this point and with increasing temperature above this point. The results show that many vehicle journeys started with high temperatures, with about half of journeys starting at 30° C or above and approximately a quarter at 40° C or above. Fitting a model to the empirical data for trip starting temperature and energy intensity, average efficiency is impacted at high car temperatures, with energy intensity modelled at 30° C and 40° C to be higher by 6% and 22%, respectively. These findings have implications for vehicle range, EV charging infrastructure and car storage and parking provision.
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energies-15-03178
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More information
Accepted/In Press date: 18 April 2022
e-pub ahead of print date: 27 April 2022
Published date: 1 May 2022
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
Funding: This research was funded by the Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences through project number EA084C awarded to the Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR).
Keywords:
ambient temperature, energy efficiency, EV auxiliary loads, EV electric consumption, social interaction effects
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 473584
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/473584
ISSN: 1996-1073
PURE UUID: 94b3a6aa-fdd1-469e-8d8d-d229e6f3db21
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Date deposited: 24 Jan 2023 17:35
Last modified: 18 Mar 2024 03:51
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Author:
Hidab Hamwi
Author:
Tom Rushby
Author:
Mostafa Mahdy
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