Mapping gas around massive galaxies: cross-correlation of DES Y3 galaxies and Compton-y maps from SPT and Planck

Abstract

We cross-correlate positions of galaxies measured in data from the first three years of the Dark Energy Survey with Compton-y maps generated using data from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) and the Planck mission. We model this cross-correlation measurement together with the galaxy autocorrelation to constrain the distribution of gas in the Universe. We measure the hydrostatic mass bias or, equivalently, the mean halo bias-weighted electron pressure (b _h P _e), using large-scale information. We find (b _h P _e) to be [0.16 ⁺ ₋₀ ⁰ ₀₄ ⁰³, 0.28 ⁺ ₋₀ ⁰ ₀₅ ⁰⁴, 0.45 ⁺ ₋₀ ⁰ ₁₀ ⁰⁶, 0.54 ⁺ ₋₀ ⁰ ₀₇ ⁰⁸, 0.61 ⁺ ₋₀ ⁰ ₀₆ ⁰⁸, 0.63 ⁺ ₋₀ ⁰ ₀₈ ⁰⁷] meV cm ⁻³ at redshifts z ∼ [0.30, 0.46, 0.62, 0.77, 0.89, 0.97]. These values are consistent with previous work where measurements exist in the redshift range. We also constrain the mean gas profile using small-scale information, enabled by the high-resolution of the SPT data. We compare our measurements to different parametrized profiles based on the cosmo-OWLS hydrodynamical simulations. We find that our data are consistent with the simulation that assumes an AGN heating temperature of 10 ^8.5 K but are incompatible with the model that assumes an AGN heating temperature of 10 ^8.0 K. These comparisons indicate that the data prefer a higher value of electron pressure than the simulations within r _500c of the galaxies’ haloes.

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