Strain hardening in twinning-induced plasticity stainless steel produced by laser powder bed fusion
Strain hardening in twinning-induced plasticity stainless steel produced by laser powder bed fusion
A modelling approach is presented to identify the deformation mechanisms of 316L stainless steel produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). The approach incorporates the evolution of dislocations, forming a forest, and of twins, which develop a back-stress. The overall plasticity behaviour is described in terms of dislocation multiplication and annihilation progress with strain. The modelling is matched up with detailed electron microscopy observations; the combination of both demonstrates the deformation behaviour of LPBF builds is intrinsically different to that of wrought alloys. LPBFed samples undergo three stages of deformation, with the first developing twins, which formation quickly saturates; the second sees a dramatic increase in dislocation forest hardening, combined with dislocation recovery; and the third undergoes dynamic recrystallisation taking place around heavily twinned sections. Opposite to wrought alloys, LPBFed specimens decrease their density of statistically stored dislocations throughout deformation, and it is shown that this behaviour is replicated by other LPBFed metals, including high-entropy alloys. The intrinsic behavioural differences in LPBF plasticity is thought to be due to the presence of a residual stress; this promotes dislocation recovery from the onset of deformation.
316L stainless steel, Additive manufacturing, Laser powder bed fusion, Residual stress, Strain hardening, Twinning-induced plasticity
Eskandari Sabzi, Hossein
767d5a23-489d-455f-80d0-bad990b42783
Li, Xiao Hui
61cbda8d-ab83-4fff-80a6-3e1e92d1d93a
Zhang, Chi
75e54093-1e0b-4db2-8cdd-5982b1dfa626
Fu, Hanwei
5bfa8370-2f21-436c-8c78-ce414d925d94
Rivera-Díaz-del-Castillo, Pedro E.J.
6e0abc1c-2aee-4a18-badc-bac28e7831e2
10 October 2022
Eskandari Sabzi, Hossein
767d5a23-489d-455f-80d0-bad990b42783
Li, Xiao Hui
61cbda8d-ab83-4fff-80a6-3e1e92d1d93a
Zhang, Chi
75e54093-1e0b-4db2-8cdd-5982b1dfa626
Fu, Hanwei
5bfa8370-2f21-436c-8c78-ce414d925d94
Rivera-Díaz-del-Castillo, Pedro E.J.
6e0abc1c-2aee-4a18-badc-bac28e7831e2
Eskandari Sabzi, Hossein, Li, Xiao Hui, Zhang, Chi, Fu, Hanwei and Rivera-Díaz-del-Castillo, Pedro E.J.
(2022)
Strain hardening in twinning-induced plasticity stainless steel produced by laser powder bed fusion.
Materials Science And Engineering A, 855 (10), [143882].
(doi:10.1016/j.msea.2022.143882).
Abstract
A modelling approach is presented to identify the deformation mechanisms of 316L stainless steel produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). The approach incorporates the evolution of dislocations, forming a forest, and of twins, which develop a back-stress. The overall plasticity behaviour is described in terms of dislocation multiplication and annihilation progress with strain. The modelling is matched up with detailed electron microscopy observations; the combination of both demonstrates the deformation behaviour of LPBF builds is intrinsically different to that of wrought alloys. LPBFed samples undergo three stages of deformation, with the first developing twins, which formation quickly saturates; the second sees a dramatic increase in dislocation forest hardening, combined with dislocation recovery; and the third undergoes dynamic recrystallisation taking place around heavily twinned sections. Opposite to wrought alloys, LPBFed specimens decrease their density of statistically stored dislocations throughout deformation, and it is shown that this behaviour is replicated by other LPBFed metals, including high-entropy alloys. The intrinsic behavioural differences in LPBF plasticity is thought to be due to the presence of a residual stress; this promotes dislocation recovery from the onset of deformation.
Text
Strain_hardening_in_twinning-induced_plasticity_stainless_steel
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More information
Accepted/In Press date: 24 August 2022
Published date: 10 October 2022
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Royal Academy of Engineering, United Kingdom ( RCSRF1718/5/32 ), and by EPSRC, United Kingdom via DARE grant ( EP/L025213/1 ). HF acknowledges the support by National Natural Science Foundation of China ( 51971011 ).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Author(s)
Keywords:
316L stainless steel, Additive manufacturing, Laser powder bed fusion, Residual stress, Strain hardening, Twinning-induced plasticity
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 478315
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/478315
ISSN: 0921-5093
PURE UUID: 8ad9256a-b37e-4ea8-9b1b-ad97bbb622a3
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Date deposited: 27 Jun 2023 17:31
Last modified: 06 Jun 2024 02:16
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Contributors
Author:
Hossein Eskandari Sabzi
Author:
Xiao Hui Li
Author:
Chi Zhang
Author:
Hanwei Fu
Author:
Pedro E.J. Rivera-Díaz-del-Castillo
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