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A placebo-controlled trial of percutaneous coronary intervention for stable angina

A placebo-controlled trial of percutaneous coronary intervention for stable angina
A placebo-controlled trial of percutaneous coronary intervention for stable angina

Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is frequently performed to reduce the symptoms of stable angina. Whether PCI relieves angina more than a placebo procedure in patients who are not receiving antianginal medication remains unknown. Methods: We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of PCI in patients with stable angina. Patients stopped all antianginal medications and underwent a 2-week symptom assessment phase before randomization. Patients were then randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to undergo PCI or a placebo procedure and were followed for 12 weeks. The primary end point was the angina symptom score, which was calculated daily on the basis of the number of angina episodes that occurred on a given day, the number of antianginal medications prescribed on that day, and clinical events, including the occurrence of unblinding owing to unacceptable angina or acute coronary syndrome or death. Scores range from 0 to 79, with higher scores indicating worse health status with respect to angina. Results: A total of 301 patients underwent randomization: 151 to the PCI group and 150 to the placebo group. The mean (±SD) age was 64±9 years, and 79% were men. Ischemia was present in one cardiac territory in 242 patients (80%), in two territories in 52 patients (17%), and in three territories in 7 patients (2%). In the target vessels, the median fractional flow reserve was 0.63 (interquartile range, 0.49 to 0.75), and the median instantaneous wave-free ratio was 0.78 (interquartile range, 0.55 to 0.87). At the 12-week follow-up, the mean angina symptom score was 2.9 in the PCI group and 5.6 in the placebo group (odds ratio, 2.21; 95% confidence interval, 1.41 to 3.47; P<0.001). One patient in the placebo group had unacceptable angina leading to unblinding. Acute coronary syndromes occurred in 4 patients in the PCI group and in 6 patients in the placebo group. Conclusions: Among patients with stable angina who were receiving little or no antianginal medication and had objective evidence of ischemia, PCI resulted in a lower angina symptom score than a placebo procedure, indicating a better health status with respect to angina. (Funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre and others.

0028-4793
2319-2330
Rajkumar, C.A.
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Foley, M.J.
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Ahmed-Jushuf, F.
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Nowbar, A.N.
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Simader, F.A.
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Davies, J.R.
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O'Kane, P.D.
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Haworth, P.
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Routledge, H.
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Kotecha, T.
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Gamma, R.
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Clesham, G.
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Williams, R.
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Din, J.
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Nijjer, S.S.
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Curzen, N.
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Ruparelia, N.
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Sinha, M.
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Dungu, J.N.
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Ganesananthan, S.
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Khamis, R.
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Mughal, L.
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Kinnaird, T.
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Petraco, R.
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Spratt, J.C.
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Sen, S.
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Sehmi, J.
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Collier, D.J.
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Sohaib, A.
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Keeble, T.R.
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Cole, G.D.
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Howard, J.P.
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Francis, D.P.
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Shun-Shin, M.J.
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Al-Lamee, R.K.
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Rajkumar, C.A.
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Foley, M.J.
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Ahmed-Jushuf, F.
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Nowbar, A.N.
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Simader, F.A.
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Davies, J.R.
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O'Kane, P.D.
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Haworth, P.
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Routledge, H.
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Gamma, R.
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Din, J.
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Curzen, N.
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Ruparelia, N.
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Sinha, M.
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Dungu, J.N.
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Ganesananthan, S.
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Khamis, R.
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Sen, S.
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Sehmi, J.
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Collier, D.J.
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Sohaib, A.
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Keeble, T.R.
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Cole, G.D.
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Howard, J.P.
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Francis, D.P.
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Shun-Shin, M.J.
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Al-Lamee, R.K.
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Rajkumar, C.A., Foley, M.J., Ahmed-Jushuf, F., Nowbar, A.N., Simader, F.A., Davies, J.R., O'Kane, P.D., Haworth, P., Routledge, H., Kotecha, T., Gamma, R., Clesham, G., Williams, R., Din, J., Nijjer, S.S., Curzen, N., Ruparelia, N., Sinha, M., Dungu, J.N., Ganesananthan, S., Khamis, R., Mughal, L., Kinnaird, T., Petraco, R., Spratt, J.C., Sen, S., Sehmi, J., Collier, D.J., Sohaib, A., Keeble, T.R., Cole, G.D., Howard, J.P., Francis, D.P., Shun-Shin, M.J. and Al-Lamee, R.K. (2023) A placebo-controlled trial of percutaneous coronary intervention for stable angina. New England Journal of Medicine, 389 (25), 2319-2330. (doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2310610).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is frequently performed to reduce the symptoms of stable angina. Whether PCI relieves angina more than a placebo procedure in patients who are not receiving antianginal medication remains unknown. Methods: We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of PCI in patients with stable angina. Patients stopped all antianginal medications and underwent a 2-week symptom assessment phase before randomization. Patients were then randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to undergo PCI or a placebo procedure and were followed for 12 weeks. The primary end point was the angina symptom score, which was calculated daily on the basis of the number of angina episodes that occurred on a given day, the number of antianginal medications prescribed on that day, and clinical events, including the occurrence of unblinding owing to unacceptable angina or acute coronary syndrome or death. Scores range from 0 to 79, with higher scores indicating worse health status with respect to angina. Results: A total of 301 patients underwent randomization: 151 to the PCI group and 150 to the placebo group. The mean (±SD) age was 64±9 years, and 79% were men. Ischemia was present in one cardiac territory in 242 patients (80%), in two territories in 52 patients (17%), and in three territories in 7 patients (2%). In the target vessels, the median fractional flow reserve was 0.63 (interquartile range, 0.49 to 0.75), and the median instantaneous wave-free ratio was 0.78 (interquartile range, 0.55 to 0.87). At the 12-week follow-up, the mean angina symptom score was 2.9 in the PCI group and 5.6 in the placebo group (odds ratio, 2.21; 95% confidence interval, 1.41 to 3.47; P<0.001). One patient in the placebo group had unacceptable angina leading to unblinding. Acute coronary syndromes occurred in 4 patients in the PCI group and in 6 patients in the placebo group. Conclusions: Among patients with stable angina who were receiving little or no antianginal medication and had objective evidence of ischemia, PCI resulted in a lower angina symptom score than a placebo procedure, indicating a better health status with respect to angina. (Funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre and others.

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ORBITA-2-Manuscript-NEJM-R5-Clean-RAL - Accepted Manuscript
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e-pub ahead of print date: 11 November 2023
Published date: 21 December 2023
Additional Information: Funding Information: Supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, the Medical Research Council, NIHR, the British Heart Foundation, Philips, and St. Mary's Coronary Flow Trust. Funding Information: Supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research ( NIHR ) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre , the Medical Research Council , NIHR , the British Heart Foundation , Philips , and St. Mary’s Coronary Flow Trust. Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2023 Massachusetts Medical Society.

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 484585
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/484585
ISSN: 0028-4793
PURE UUID: d5fb91d7-9708-41ef-ad6e-ba09f33b8e1b
ORCID for N. Curzen: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-9651-7829

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Date deposited: 17 Nov 2023 17:52
Last modified: 06 Jun 2024 01:43

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Contributors

Author: C.A. Rajkumar
Author: M.J. Foley
Author: F. Ahmed-Jushuf
Author: A.N. Nowbar
Author: F.A. Simader
Author: J.R. Davies
Author: P.D. O'Kane
Author: P. Haworth
Author: H. Routledge
Author: T. Kotecha
Author: R. Gamma
Author: G. Clesham
Author: R. Williams
Author: J. Din
Author: S.S. Nijjer
Author: N. Curzen ORCID iD
Author: N. Ruparelia
Author: M. Sinha
Author: J.N. Dungu
Author: S. Ganesananthan
Author: R. Khamis
Author: L. Mughal
Author: T. Kinnaird
Author: R. Petraco
Author: J.C. Spratt
Author: S. Sen
Author: J. Sehmi
Author: D.J. Collier
Author: A. Sohaib
Author: T.R. Keeble
Author: G.D. Cole
Author: J.P. Howard
Author: D.P. Francis
Author: M.J. Shun-Shin
Author: R.K. Al-Lamee

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