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Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation affects tryptophan metabolism during a 12-week endurance training in amateur runners – a randomized controlled trial

Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation affects tryptophan metabolism during a 12-week endurance training in amateur runners – a randomized controlled trial
Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation affects tryptophan metabolism during a 12-week endurance training in amateur runners – a randomized controlled trial
The effects of long-term omega-3 fatty acid (n-3 PUFAs) supplementation during endurance training on tryptophan (Trp) metabolism and mental state of healthy individuals have not been evaluated so far. Concentrations of plasma Trp, its metabolites and IL-6 were assessed in 26 male runners before and after a 12-week training combined with supplementation of n-3 PUFAs (O-3 + TRAIN group) or medium chain triglycerides (MCTs; TRAIN group). Mood and stress tests were also performed. The effects of the same supplementation protocol were evaluated also in 14 inactive subjects (O-3 + SEDEN group). Concentrations of 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) and picolinic acid (PA) significantly increased only in the O-3 + TRAIN group (p = 0.01; η_p^2 = 0.22 and p = 0.01; η_(p )^2= 0.26). Favorable, but not statistically significant changes in the kynurenic acid (KYNA) (p = 0.06; η_(p )^2= 0.14), xanthurenic acid (XA) (p = 0.07; η_(p )^2= 0.13) and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-HAA) (p = 0.06; η_(p )^2= 0.15) and ratio of neurotoxic to neuroprotective metabolites was seen also only in the O-3 + TRAIN group. No changes in results of mental state tests and IL-6 concentrations were observed in either group. Supplementation with n-3 PUFAs during endurance training has beneficial effects on Trp's neuroprotective metabolites.

2045-2322
Tomczyk, Maja
8891f5db-8914-4e25-8a6f-858393746475
Bidzan-Wiacek, Monika
6ca0c111-ccbf-4eab-9cbe-e2b6570b4133
Kortas, Jakub Antoni
2123f1be-dc15-4789-b162-ffc7055be5a7
Kochanowicz, Magdalena
fd1a93e7-3a7e-4364-bb39-e2044fa5a61f
Jost, Zbigniew
420e9091-26aa-4e12-95e3-7169991f58d5
Fisk, Helena Lucy
38c7f1f0-5dfc-4f71-aa0f-ec4f0e5839f3
Calder, Philip
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
Antosiewicz, Jedrzej
3cadaec9-6769-47f0-b4cc-862002a8e011
Tomczyk, Maja
8891f5db-8914-4e25-8a6f-858393746475
Bidzan-Wiacek, Monika
6ca0c111-ccbf-4eab-9cbe-e2b6570b4133
Kortas, Jakub Antoni
2123f1be-dc15-4789-b162-ffc7055be5a7
Kochanowicz, Magdalena
fd1a93e7-3a7e-4364-bb39-e2044fa5a61f
Jost, Zbigniew
420e9091-26aa-4e12-95e3-7169991f58d5
Fisk, Helena Lucy
38c7f1f0-5dfc-4f71-aa0f-ec4f0e5839f3
Calder, Philip
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
Antosiewicz, Jedrzej
3cadaec9-6769-47f0-b4cc-862002a8e011

Tomczyk, Maja, Bidzan-Wiacek, Monika, Kortas, Jakub Antoni, Kochanowicz, Magdalena, Jost, Zbigniew, Fisk, Helena Lucy, Calder, Philip and Antosiewicz, Jedrzej (2024) Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation affects tryptophan metabolism during a 12-week endurance training in amateur runners – a randomized controlled trial. Scientific Reports. (In Press)

Record type: Article

Abstract

The effects of long-term omega-3 fatty acid (n-3 PUFAs) supplementation during endurance training on tryptophan (Trp) metabolism and mental state of healthy individuals have not been evaluated so far. Concentrations of plasma Trp, its metabolites and IL-6 were assessed in 26 male runners before and after a 12-week training combined with supplementation of n-3 PUFAs (O-3 + TRAIN group) or medium chain triglycerides (MCTs; TRAIN group). Mood and stress tests were also performed. The effects of the same supplementation protocol were evaluated also in 14 inactive subjects (O-3 + SEDEN group). Concentrations of 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) and picolinic acid (PA) significantly increased only in the O-3 + TRAIN group (p = 0.01; η_p^2 = 0.22 and p = 0.01; η_(p )^2= 0.26). Favorable, but not statistically significant changes in the kynurenic acid (KYNA) (p = 0.06; η_(p )^2= 0.14), xanthurenic acid (XA) (p = 0.07; η_(p )^2= 0.13) and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-HAA) (p = 0.06; η_(p )^2= 0.15) and ratio of neurotoxic to neuroprotective metabolites was seen also only in the O-3 + TRAIN group. No changes in results of mental state tests and IL-6 concentrations were observed in either group. Supplementation with n-3 PUFAs during endurance training has beneficial effects on Trp's neuroprotective metabolites.

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Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation affects tryptophan metabolism - Accepted Manuscript
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Accepted/In Press date: 8 February 2024

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 487258
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/487258
ISSN: 2045-2322
PURE UUID: 4965e4a7-03eb-4211-85ee-2c78f6898023
ORCID for Philip Calder: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-6038-710X

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Date deposited: 16 Feb 2024 17:14
Last modified: 15 Aug 2024 01:34

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Contributors

Author: Maja Tomczyk
Author: Monika Bidzan-Wiacek
Author: Jakub Antoni Kortas
Author: Magdalena Kochanowicz
Author: Zbigniew Jost
Author: Helena Lucy Fisk
Author: Philip Calder ORCID iD
Author: Jedrzej Antosiewicz

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