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Quantitative sustainability assessment of freeports: hybrid model evidence from the UK

Quantitative sustainability assessment of freeports: hybrid model evidence from the UK
Quantitative sustainability assessment of freeports: hybrid model evidence from the UK

Freeports and their equivalents are designed to boost national economic prosperity, yet their associated sustainability concerns are often overlooked. Existing research on freeport performance evaluation is largely fragmented, with a predominant focus on economic metrics specific to individual cases. Moreover, the existing methods for sustainability assessments face inherent limitations in addressing uncertainty and integrating indicators within both hierarchical and interconnected network structures. To address these research gaps, this study introduces a novel methodology for holistically assessing freeport sustainability using a hybrid Bayesian Network and Evidential Reasoning (BNER) model. This model can process both qualitative and quantitative performance data, and integrate different Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to generate a comprehensive index. The new contributions of this paper include: (1) It proposes a novel framework for evaluating freeport sustainability across economic, environmental, and social dimensions and synthesising them into a singular index. (2) It prioritises all relevant KPIs from multiple stakeholder perspectives. The findings indicate that information technology and customs clearance efficiency are the most significant among the 42 identified KPIs. (3) A new BNER model is introduced to address data uncertainty and interdependent factors in performance assessment. (4) The applicability of the developed model is demonstrated through a real-world case study of a UK freeport, providing valuable practical insights.

Bayesian network, Evidential reasoning, Freeport, Performance assessment, Sustainability
0959-6526
Liang, Xinrui
f7261c58-f132-45f0-be23-8e87aee592b0
Fan, Shiqi
3216cb7b-97fe-4c34-937e-de4e24dac0da
Lucy, John
2d7b9d3d-a5f0-4f3e-b9d9-9f4b8ea339e3
Chen, Jihong
8250a1d0-e8d7-44dd-b84d-60512e8ca137
Coleman, Jonathan
c64f15a7-c8dc-4a3f-84f4-1610c8c9ac9b
Li, Yan
7131718a-9495-4c41-bdca-b8315915ff0c
Qu, Zhuohua
f44dbc72-b19f-415f-95f0-64b016818eaf
Li, Huanhuan
5e806b21-10a7-465c-9db3-32e466ae42f1
Yang, Zaili
82d4eebc-4532-4343-8555-35169e79bb6d
Liang, Xinrui
f7261c58-f132-45f0-be23-8e87aee592b0
Fan, Shiqi
3216cb7b-97fe-4c34-937e-de4e24dac0da
Lucy, John
2d7b9d3d-a5f0-4f3e-b9d9-9f4b8ea339e3
Chen, Jihong
8250a1d0-e8d7-44dd-b84d-60512e8ca137
Coleman, Jonathan
c64f15a7-c8dc-4a3f-84f4-1610c8c9ac9b
Li, Yan
7131718a-9495-4c41-bdca-b8315915ff0c
Qu, Zhuohua
f44dbc72-b19f-415f-95f0-64b016818eaf
Li, Huanhuan
5e806b21-10a7-465c-9db3-32e466ae42f1
Yang, Zaili
82d4eebc-4532-4343-8555-35169e79bb6d

Liang, Xinrui, Fan, Shiqi, Lucy, John, Chen, Jihong, Coleman, Jonathan, Li, Yan, Qu, Zhuohua, Li, Huanhuan and Yang, Zaili (2025) Quantitative sustainability assessment of freeports: hybrid model evidence from the UK. Journal of Cleaner Production, 487, [144521]. (doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.144521).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Freeports and their equivalents are designed to boost national economic prosperity, yet their associated sustainability concerns are often overlooked. Existing research on freeport performance evaluation is largely fragmented, with a predominant focus on economic metrics specific to individual cases. Moreover, the existing methods for sustainability assessments face inherent limitations in addressing uncertainty and integrating indicators within both hierarchical and interconnected network structures. To address these research gaps, this study introduces a novel methodology for holistically assessing freeport sustainability using a hybrid Bayesian Network and Evidential Reasoning (BNER) model. This model can process both qualitative and quantitative performance data, and integrate different Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to generate a comprehensive index. The new contributions of this paper include: (1) It proposes a novel framework for evaluating freeport sustainability across economic, environmental, and social dimensions and synthesising them into a singular index. (2) It prioritises all relevant KPIs from multiple stakeholder perspectives. The findings indicate that information technology and customs clearance efficiency are the most significant among the 42 identified KPIs. (3) A new BNER model is introduced to address data uncertainty and interdependent factors in performance assessment. (4) The applicability of the developed model is demonstrated through a real-world case study of a UK freeport, providing valuable practical insights.

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Accepted/In Press date: 16 December 2024
e-pub ahead of print date: 19 December 2024
Published date: 3 January 2025
Keywords: Bayesian network, Evidential reasoning, Freeport, Performance assessment, Sustainability

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 503699
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/503699
ISSN: 0959-6526
PURE UUID: 64a4b063-7b80-422c-bb6e-d37720fb997a
ORCID for Huanhuan Li: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-4293-4763

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 11 Aug 2025 16:34
Last modified: 22 Aug 2025 02:49

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Contributors

Author: Xinrui Liang
Author: Shiqi Fan
Author: John Lucy
Author: Jihong Chen
Author: Jonathan Coleman
Author: Yan Li
Author: Zhuohua Qu
Author: Huanhuan Li ORCID iD
Author: Zaili Yang

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