β-1,3/1,6-glucans and Immunity: state of the art and future directions
β-1,3/1,6-glucans and Immunity: state of the art and future directions
The innate immune system responds in a rapid and non-specific manner against immunologic threats; inflammation is part of this response. This is followed by a slower but targeted and specific response termed the adaptive or acquired immune response. There is emerging evidence that dietary components, including yeast-derived β-glucans, can aid host defense against pathogens by modulating inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of neutrophils and macrophages. Innate Immune Training refers to a newly recognized phenomenon wherein compounds may ‘train’ innate immune cells, such that monocyte and macrophage precursor biology is altered to mount a more effective immunological response. Although various human studies have been carried out, much uncertainty still exists and further studies are required to fully elucidate the relationship between β-glucan supplementation and human immune function. This review offers an up-to-date report on yeast-derived β-glucans as immuno-modulators, including a brief overview of the current paradigm regarding the interaction of β-glucans with the immune system. The recent pre-clinical work that has partly decrypted mode of action and the newest evidence from human trials, are also reviewed. According to pre-clinical studies, β-1,3/1,6-glucan derived from Baker’s Yeast may offer increased immuno-surveillance, although the human evidence is weaker than that gained from pre-clinical studies.
diet and inflammation, innate immunity, metabolic-inflammation, trained immunity, yeast β-glucan
De Marco Castro, Elena
608ae192-9fab-47c0-bb08-c5f40288aa62
Calder, Philip
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
M Roche, Helen
46f14e39-e30f-40c3-b76d-adda36040ed8
De Marco Castro, Elena
608ae192-9fab-47c0-bb08-c5f40288aa62
Calder, Philip
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
M Roche, Helen
46f14e39-e30f-40c3-b76d-adda36040ed8
De Marco Castro, Elena, Calder, Philip and M Roche, Helen
(2020)
β-1,3/1,6-glucans and Immunity: state of the art and future directions.
Molecular Nutrition & Food Research.
(doi:10.1002/mnfr.201901071).
Abstract
The innate immune system responds in a rapid and non-specific manner against immunologic threats; inflammation is part of this response. This is followed by a slower but targeted and specific response termed the adaptive or acquired immune response. There is emerging evidence that dietary components, including yeast-derived β-glucans, can aid host defense against pathogens by modulating inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of neutrophils and macrophages. Innate Immune Training refers to a newly recognized phenomenon wherein compounds may ‘train’ innate immune cells, such that monocyte and macrophage precursor biology is altered to mount a more effective immunological response. Although various human studies have been carried out, much uncertainty still exists and further studies are required to fully elucidate the relationship between β-glucan supplementation and human immune function. This review offers an up-to-date report on yeast-derived β-glucans as immuno-modulators, including a brief overview of the current paradigm regarding the interaction of β-glucans with the immune system. The recent pre-clinical work that has partly decrypted mode of action and the newest evidence from human trials, are also reviewed. According to pre-clinical studies, β-1,3/1,6-glucan derived from Baker’s Yeast may offer increased immuno-surveillance, although the human evidence is weaker than that gained from pre-clinical studies.
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Accepted/In Press date: 3 March 2020
e-pub ahead of print date: 27 April 2020
Additional Information:
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Keywords:
diet and inflammation, innate immunity, metabolic-inflammation, trained immunity, yeast β-glucan
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Local EPrints ID: 438559
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/438559
ISSN: 1613-4125
PURE UUID: fdc1c80d-31e9-4653-9e2f-399b5e5f2354
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Date deposited: 17 Mar 2020 17:30
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 05:24
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Author:
Elena De Marco Castro
Author:
Helen M Roche
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