The University of Southampton
University of Southampton Institutional Repository

Clinical, splicing and functional analysis to classify BRCA2 exon 3 variants: application of a points-based ACMG/AMP approach

Clinical, splicing and functional analysis to classify BRCA2 exon 3 variants: application of a points-based ACMG/AMP approach
Clinical, splicing and functional analysis to classify BRCA2 exon 3 variants: application of a points-based ACMG/AMP approach

Skipping of BRCA2 exon 3 (∆E3) is a naturally occurring splicing event, complicating clinical classification of variants that may alter ∆E3 expression. This study used multiple evidence types to assess pathogenicity of 85 variants in/near BRCA2 exon 3. Bioinformatically predicted spliceogenic variants underwent mRNA splicing analysis using minigenes and/or patient samples. ∆E3 was measured using quantitative analysis. A mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) based assay was used to determine the impact of 18 variants on mRNA splicing and protein function. For each variant, population frequency, bioinformatic predictions, clinical data, and existing mRNA splicing and functional results were collated. Variant class was assigned using a gene-specific adaptation of ACMG/AMP guidelines, following a recently proposed points-based system. mRNA and mESC analysis combined identified six variants with transcript and/or functional profiles interpreted as loss of function. Cryptic splice site use for acceptor site variants generated a transcript encoding a shorter protein that retains activity. Overall, 69/85 (81%) variants were classified using the points-based approach. Our analysis shows the value of applying gene-specific ACMG/AMP guidelines using a points-based approach and highlights the consideration of cryptic splice site usage to appropriately assign PVS1 code strength.

ACMG/AMP classification, BRCA2, dPCR, functional analysis, quantitation, splicing
1059-7794
1921-1944
Thomassen, Mads
c7c9230a-4f3d-42d0-89f1-b5a36d431aae
Mesman, Romy LS
bc9f664b-18fd-4972-b23c-861c4587e42f
Hansen, Thomas V O
9d730f7a-e1e6-473d-b234-127f5a1e4c8b
Menendez, Mireia
a1ffb532-c9e6-486b-a7f0-61be294600eb
Rossing, Maria
63bcc50b-65a5-403a-acb9-631dc2ce110d
Esteban-Sanchez, Ada
8b76d439-31f6-48aa-831c-df12822566a6
Tudini, Emma
8d721cd7-d371-47a1-bb94-6c88de23346c
Torngren, Therese
2e656965-b3f4-4078-a8a3-b5bc20f086f2
Parsons, Michael T.
b573d8d3-85a2-4232-808e-200e60865953
Pedersen, Inge Sokilde
6ce8bd5a-02fb-4fad-a845-e0b78cdd6dec
Teo, Soo-Hwang
56e60db6-a62d-4c7d-a63b-8245ea786c42
Kruse, Torben A
a326fa50-60d1-4c48-82df-85e4578908b3
Møller, Pål
6c297810-ed48-4497-8528-ae4f275a8069
Borg, Ake
3ab60878-2faa-4a62-9a40-95f9714558cf
Jensen, Uffe Birk
1d7b3fd2-94fc-448f-8b0e-2a5d66815233
Christensen, Lise Lotte
6aba41b3-f6e3-419f-bd87-19ab1819353a
Singer, Christian F.
3ac2e574-0627-4715-ac4a-8ab7edcc3851
Muhr, Daniela
e9a5d988-95fa-42fc-8e00-38191c75e8b9
Santamarina, Marta
24bdfcd0-da61-4b5d-9769-b704b89cef1b
Brandao, Rita
d7fe9a41-030b-4f7c-8706-ef048c8b5979
Andresen, Brage S
516f89c7-0190-45a8-8d0c-edd6b11ce0bb
Feng, Bing-Jian
b06d35c2-9612-427d-a5c2-0f14abbc9b45
Canson, Daffodil
464a783b-eef3-4697-ad19-296664ea2e18
Richardson, Marcy E
27fb423b-7e6b-466d-bc9d-49159ccd5ba3
Karam, Rachid
2a247747-3daa-44b1-aab7-7a3d27914249
Pesaran, Tina
f5b30177-f11e-4c14-95fe-e23b663c5867
LaDuca, Holly
55475e7b-5d37-4b23-b081-bdffb6065011
Conner, Blair R
095170cf-33bd-45c6-8009-f0952914682f
Abualkheir, Nelly
2ccc51ce-81e1-4481-8f52-db01aa49ad3b
Hoang, Lily
e611bd90-f871-4ae1-9006-c133f6f9a378
Calleja, Fabienne M G R
46044551-57de-43ef-8376-26c0475b5717
Andrews, Lesley
ca8071e2-d653-448a-97d6-7a0ce6ffcd7f
James, Paul A.
9fb2dc20-8439-4f29-9587-72caa150f0f9
Bunyan, David
d57bd2a7-d531-4892-bcce-e096dc95eee7
Hamblett, Amanda
72bf8bfa-669f-4258-a8cf-26b01bfecacc
Radice, Paolo
d5bff2d9-ed03-4a8e-a9ca-f896a1666e2c
Goldgar, David E
d0c5c19b-3edf-489c-b873-783f2b87b646
Walker, Logan C.
d6db41bd-937e-44aa-bff6-33686387939a
Engel, Christoph
e428d3b6-d668-487c-bcef-7d835e609751
Claes, Kathleen B.M.
311e99c7-118f-4e50-a298-15ddd60d5a52
Machackova, Eva
b8fa5124-e3f2-417d-af09-d615bdf857ba
Baralle, Diana
faac16e5-7928-4801-9811-8b3a9ea4bb91
Viel, Alessandra
1d927ea7-bf84-419a-aff1-6d65b67c1280
Wappenschmidt, Barbara
b196c313-8a35-4e32-a020-10181ac41400
Lazaro, Conxi
34576bd1-4cfb-4b16-9a51-78bdd7057bd7
Vega, Ana
fad461f9-0796-4a2b-927b-cb0fc83478cd
Vreeswijk, Maaike P. G.
b0f12646-76e0-421f-ac99-6e1810eb3f66
de la Hoya, Miguel
8e170da0-2396-4f84-ba15-14fa2ad62fb2
Spurdle, Amanda B
7eacf836-be04-4be5-b9eb-3634ca65c50a
ENIGMA Consortium
Thomassen, Mads
c7c9230a-4f3d-42d0-89f1-b5a36d431aae
Mesman, Romy LS
bc9f664b-18fd-4972-b23c-861c4587e42f
Hansen, Thomas V O
9d730f7a-e1e6-473d-b234-127f5a1e4c8b
Menendez, Mireia
a1ffb532-c9e6-486b-a7f0-61be294600eb
Rossing, Maria
63bcc50b-65a5-403a-acb9-631dc2ce110d
Esteban-Sanchez, Ada
8b76d439-31f6-48aa-831c-df12822566a6
Tudini, Emma
8d721cd7-d371-47a1-bb94-6c88de23346c
Torngren, Therese
2e656965-b3f4-4078-a8a3-b5bc20f086f2
Parsons, Michael T.
b573d8d3-85a2-4232-808e-200e60865953
Pedersen, Inge Sokilde
6ce8bd5a-02fb-4fad-a845-e0b78cdd6dec
Teo, Soo-Hwang
56e60db6-a62d-4c7d-a63b-8245ea786c42
Kruse, Torben A
a326fa50-60d1-4c48-82df-85e4578908b3
Møller, Pål
6c297810-ed48-4497-8528-ae4f275a8069
Borg, Ake
3ab60878-2faa-4a62-9a40-95f9714558cf
Jensen, Uffe Birk
1d7b3fd2-94fc-448f-8b0e-2a5d66815233
Christensen, Lise Lotte
6aba41b3-f6e3-419f-bd87-19ab1819353a
Singer, Christian F.
3ac2e574-0627-4715-ac4a-8ab7edcc3851
Muhr, Daniela
e9a5d988-95fa-42fc-8e00-38191c75e8b9
Santamarina, Marta
24bdfcd0-da61-4b5d-9769-b704b89cef1b
Brandao, Rita
d7fe9a41-030b-4f7c-8706-ef048c8b5979
Andresen, Brage S
516f89c7-0190-45a8-8d0c-edd6b11ce0bb
Feng, Bing-Jian
b06d35c2-9612-427d-a5c2-0f14abbc9b45
Canson, Daffodil
464a783b-eef3-4697-ad19-296664ea2e18
Richardson, Marcy E
27fb423b-7e6b-466d-bc9d-49159ccd5ba3
Karam, Rachid
2a247747-3daa-44b1-aab7-7a3d27914249
Pesaran, Tina
f5b30177-f11e-4c14-95fe-e23b663c5867
LaDuca, Holly
55475e7b-5d37-4b23-b081-bdffb6065011
Conner, Blair R
095170cf-33bd-45c6-8009-f0952914682f
Abualkheir, Nelly
2ccc51ce-81e1-4481-8f52-db01aa49ad3b
Hoang, Lily
e611bd90-f871-4ae1-9006-c133f6f9a378
Calleja, Fabienne M G R
46044551-57de-43ef-8376-26c0475b5717
Andrews, Lesley
ca8071e2-d653-448a-97d6-7a0ce6ffcd7f
James, Paul A.
9fb2dc20-8439-4f29-9587-72caa150f0f9
Bunyan, David
d57bd2a7-d531-4892-bcce-e096dc95eee7
Hamblett, Amanda
72bf8bfa-669f-4258-a8cf-26b01bfecacc
Radice, Paolo
d5bff2d9-ed03-4a8e-a9ca-f896a1666e2c
Goldgar, David E
d0c5c19b-3edf-489c-b873-783f2b87b646
Walker, Logan C.
d6db41bd-937e-44aa-bff6-33686387939a
Engel, Christoph
e428d3b6-d668-487c-bcef-7d835e609751
Claes, Kathleen B.M.
311e99c7-118f-4e50-a298-15ddd60d5a52
Machackova, Eva
b8fa5124-e3f2-417d-af09-d615bdf857ba
Baralle, Diana
faac16e5-7928-4801-9811-8b3a9ea4bb91
Viel, Alessandra
1d927ea7-bf84-419a-aff1-6d65b67c1280
Wappenschmidt, Barbara
b196c313-8a35-4e32-a020-10181ac41400
Lazaro, Conxi
34576bd1-4cfb-4b16-9a51-78bdd7057bd7
Vega, Ana
fad461f9-0796-4a2b-927b-cb0fc83478cd
Vreeswijk, Maaike P. G.
b0f12646-76e0-421f-ac99-6e1810eb3f66
de la Hoya, Miguel
8e170da0-2396-4f84-ba15-14fa2ad62fb2
Spurdle, Amanda B
7eacf836-be04-4be5-b9eb-3634ca65c50a

Thomassen, Mads, Mesman, Romy LS and Hansen, Thomas V O , ENIGMA Consortium (2022) Clinical, splicing and functional analysis to classify BRCA2 exon 3 variants: application of a points-based ACMG/AMP approach. Human Mutation, 43 (12), 1921-1944. (doi:10.1002/humu.24449).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Skipping of BRCA2 exon 3 (∆E3) is a naturally occurring splicing event, complicating clinical classification of variants that may alter ∆E3 expression. This study used multiple evidence types to assess pathogenicity of 85 variants in/near BRCA2 exon 3. Bioinformatically predicted spliceogenic variants underwent mRNA splicing analysis using minigenes and/or patient samples. ∆E3 was measured using quantitative analysis. A mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) based assay was used to determine the impact of 18 variants on mRNA splicing and protein function. For each variant, population frequency, bioinformatic predictions, clinical data, and existing mRNA splicing and functional results were collated. Variant class was assigned using a gene-specific adaptation of ACMG/AMP guidelines, following a recently proposed points-based system. mRNA and mESC analysis combined identified six variants with transcript and/or functional profiles interpreted as loss of function. Cryptic splice site use for acceptor site variants generated a transcript encoding a shorter protein that retains activity. Overall, 69/85 (81%) variants were classified using the points-based approach. Our analysis shows the value of applying gene-specific ACMG/AMP guidelines using a points-based approach and highlights the consideration of cryptic splice site usage to appropriately assign PVS1 code strength.

Text
Additional response to reviewers HuMut_2022-08-05 - Author's Original
Download (22kB)
Text
Human Mutation - 2022 - Thomassen - Clinical splicing and functional analysis to classify BRCA2 exon 3 variants - Accepted Manuscript
Download (1MB)
Text
Exon 3_Table 1_2022-08-04-v2 - Accepted Manuscript
Download (28kB)
Image
Exon3_Figure_2 - Accepted Manuscript
Download (131kB)
Image
Exon3_Figure_3 - Accepted Manuscript
Download (188kB)
Image
Exon3_Figure_4 - Accepted Manuscript
Download (115kB)
Image
Exon3_Figure1 - Accepted Manuscript
Download (122kB)
Text
Exon3_SupplementaryFigures_2022-03-23_final - Accepted Manuscript
Download (2MB)
Other
Exon3_SuppTables 2022-03-26v1 - Accepted Manuscript
Download (807kB)
Text
Exon3_Text_2022-08-04 - Accepted Manuscript
Download (94kB)

Show all 10 downloads.

More information

Accepted/In Press date: 11 August 2022
e-pub ahead of print date: 23 October 2022
Published date: December 2022
Additional Information: Funding Information: The authors thank J. Jonkers and P. Bouwman (Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) for the I‐Sce1‐mCherry plasmid; S.K. Sharan (National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, USA) for the Pl2F7 conditional Brca2 knockout mES cell line (PMID: 18607349); M. Jasin (Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA) for the DR‐GFP reporter plasmid (PMID: 11239455). The authors wish also to thank all the members of the ICO Hereditary Cancer Program. LCW was supported by the Royal Society of New Zealand Rutherford Discovery Fellowship. The FPGMX thanks members of the Cancer Genetics group (IDIS): Miguel Aguado, Olivia Fuentes, and Ana Crujeiras. The work of MPGV was financially supported by the Dutch Cancer Society KWF (UL2012‐5649 and Pink Ribbon‐11704). The work by PM was supported by a “Pink Ribbon” grant #194751 from Den Norske Kreftforening to E.H. The work of MdlH was supported by Spanish Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) funding grant PI 20/00110, an initiative of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Innovation. ABS, MTP and ET were supported by NHMRC Funding (APP177524, APP1104808). The work by CL and MM received institutional support by CERCA Program/Generalitat de Catalunya and grant support by the Carlos III National Health Institute funded by FEDER funds—a way to build Europe—[PI19/00553; PI16/00563; SAF2015‐68016‐R and CIBERONC]; the Government of Catalonia [Pla estratègic de recerca i innovació en salut (PERIS_MedPerCan and URDCat projects), 2017SGR1282 and 2017SGR496]. The Baralle lab is supported by NIHR Research Professorship to DB (RP‐2016‐07‐011). The work of AV was supported by the Spanish Health Research Foundation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) through Research Activity Intensification Program (contract grant numbers: INT15/00070, INT16/00154, INT17/00133, and INT20/00071), and through Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras CIBERER (ACCI 2016: ER17P1AC7112/2018); Autonomous Government of Galicia (Consolidation and structuring program: IN607B), and by the Fundación Mutua Madrileña (call 2018). The German Consortium of Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (GC‐HBOC) is supported by the German Cancer Aid (Grant nos. 110837 and 70114178), (RKS) and by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Grant no. 01GY1901), (RKS). The work of EMA was supported by the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic MH CZ—DRO (MMCI, 00209805) and AZV project NU20‐03‐00285. Institutional support by Italian Ministy of Health, Ricerca Corrente of CRO Aviano, Line 1 (AVI). Funding Information: The authors thank J. Jonkers and P. Bouwman (Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) for the I-Sce1-mCherry plasmid; S.K. Sharan (National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, USA) for the Pl2F7 conditional Brca2 knockout mES cell line (PMID: 18607349); M. Jasin (Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA) for the DR-GFP reporter plasmid (PMID: 11239455). The authors wish also to thank all the members of the ICO Hereditary Cancer Program. LCW was supported by the Royal Society of New Zealand Rutherford Discovery Fellowship. The FPGMX thanks members of the Cancer Genetics group (IDIS): Miguel Aguado, Olivia Fuentes, and Ana Crujeiras. The work of MPGV was financially supported by the Dutch Cancer Society KWF (UL2012-5649 and Pink Ribbon-11704). The work by PM was supported by a “Pink Ribbon” grant #194751 from Den Norske Kreftforening to E.H. The work of MdlH was supported by Spanish Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) funding grant PI 20/00110, an initiative of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Innovation. ABS, MTP and ET were supported by NHMRC Funding (APP177524, APP1104808). The work by CL and MM received institutional support by CERCA Program/Generalitat de Catalunya and grant support by the Carlos III National Health Institute funded by FEDER funds—a way to build Europe—[PI19/00553; PI16/00563; SAF2015-68016-R and CIBERONC]; the Government of Catalonia [Pla estratègic de recerca i innovació en salut (PERIS_MedPerCan and URDCat projects), 2017SGR1282 and 2017SGR496]. The Baralle lab is supported by NIHR Research Professorship to DB (RP-2016-07-011). The work of AV was supported by the Spanish Health Research Foundation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) through Research Activity Intensification Program (contract grant numbers: INT15/00070, INT16/00154, INT17/00133, and INT20/00071), and through Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras CIBERER (ACCI 2016: ER17P1AC7112/2018); Autonomous Government of Galicia (Consolidation and structuring program: IN607B), and by the Fundación Mutua Madrileña (call 2018). The German Consortium of Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (GC-HBOC) is supported by the German Cancer Aid (Grant nos. 110837 and 70114178), (RKS) and by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Grant no. 01GY1901), (RKS). The work of EMA was supported by the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic MH CZ—DRO (MMCI, 00209805) and AZV project NU20-03-00285. Institutional support by Italian Ministy of Health, Ricerca Corrente of CRO Aviano, Line 1 (AVI). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors. Human Mutation published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Keywords: ACMG/AMP classification, BRCA2, dPCR, functional analysis, quantitation, splicing

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 469460
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/469460
ISSN: 1059-7794
PURE UUID: 3a4071c8-850a-4e63-af93-d5d7e3f27a5a
ORCID for Diana Baralle: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-3217-4833

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 15 Sep 2022 16:31
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 07:27

Export record

Altmetrics

Contributors

Author: Mads Thomassen
Author: Romy LS Mesman
Author: Thomas V O Hansen
Author: Mireia Menendez
Author: Maria Rossing
Author: Ada Esteban-Sanchez
Author: Emma Tudini
Author: Therese Torngren
Author: Michael T. Parsons
Author: Inge Sokilde Pedersen
Author: Soo-Hwang Teo
Author: Torben A Kruse
Author: Pål Møller
Author: Ake Borg
Author: Uffe Birk Jensen
Author: Lise Lotte Christensen
Author: Christian F. Singer
Author: Daniela Muhr
Author: Marta Santamarina
Author: Rita Brandao
Author: Brage S Andresen
Author: Bing-Jian Feng
Author: Daffodil Canson
Author: Marcy E Richardson
Author: Rachid Karam
Author: Tina Pesaran
Author: Holly LaDuca
Author: Blair R Conner
Author: Nelly Abualkheir
Author: Lily Hoang
Author: Fabienne M G R Calleja
Author: Lesley Andrews
Author: Paul A. James
Author: David Bunyan
Author: Amanda Hamblett
Author: Paolo Radice
Author: David E Goldgar
Author: Logan C. Walker
Author: Christoph Engel
Author: Kathleen B.M. Claes
Author: Eva Machackova
Author: Diana Baralle ORCID iD
Author: Alessandra Viel
Author: Barbara Wappenschmidt
Author: Conxi Lazaro
Author: Ana Vega
Author: Maaike P. G. Vreeswijk
Author: Miguel de la Hoya
Author: Amanda B Spurdle
Corporate Author: ENIGMA Consortium

Download statistics

Downloads from ePrints over the past year. Other digital versions may also be available to download e.g. from the publisher's website.

View more statistics

Atom RSS 1.0 RSS 2.0

Contact ePrints Soton: eprints@soton.ac.uk

ePrints Soton supports OAI 2.0 with a base URL of http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/cgi/oai2

This repository has been built using EPrints software, developed at the University of Southampton, but available to everyone to use.

We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue without changing your settings, we will assume that you are happy to receive cookies on the University of Southampton website.

×