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Associations between dietary patterns, eating behaviours, and body composition and adiposity in 3-year children of mothers with obesity

Associations between dietary patterns, eating behaviours, and body composition and adiposity in 3-year children of mothers with obesity
Associations between dietary patterns, eating behaviours, and body composition and adiposity in 3-year children of mothers with obesity
BACKGROUND: The relationships between eating habits, behaviours, and the development of obesity in preschool children is not well established. OBJECTIVE: As children of mothers with obesity are themselves at risk of obesity, we examined these relationships in a cohort of 482 three-year-old children of mothers with obesity from the UK Pregnancy Better Eating and Activity Trial (UPBEAT). METHOD: Dietary patterns were derived using factor analysis of an 85-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Eating behaviours were assessed using the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ). Measures of body composition included age-specific BMI cut-offs, WHO z scores, sum of skinfolds, waist and arm circumferences, and body fat percentage. Using adjusted regression analysis, we examined associations between dietary patterns, eating behaviours, and measures of body composition. RESULTS: Three distinct dietary patterns were defined: "healthy/prudent," "African/Caribbean," and "processed/snacking." The "processed/snacking" pattern was associated with greater odds of obesity; OR 1.53 (95% CI, 1.07-2.19). The "African/Caribbean" and the "healthy/prudent" patterns were associated with a lower arm circumference (β = -0.23 cm [-0.45 to -0.01]) and sum of skinfolds (β = -1.36 cm [-2.88 to -0.37]), respectively. Lower enjoyment of food and food responsiveness, and greater slowness in eating and satiety, were associated with lower arm and waist circumferences, WHO z scores, and obesity (all P < .05). CONCLUSION: In children of mothers with obesity, those who had higher scores on a "processed/snacking" dietary pattern had greater odds of obesity. In contrast, slowness in eating was associated with lower measures of body composition. These novel findings highlight modifiable behaviours in high-risk preschool children which could contribute to public health strategies for prevention of childhood obesity.
2047-6302
Darymple, K.V.
1329e2f9-8547-41b6-83aa-09ce871d2734
Flynn, A.C.
30669b06-ec34-46a0-a2ba-70bb34cccda5
Seed, P.T.
d3eda3f4-0e4c-4c17-9efd-dc75b583e79a
Briley, A.L.
43bc174a-0d1b-48c3-a87a-a809de2e2544
O'Keeffe, M.
2634adff-d8ad-4c69-94fd-759f6fe9547d
Godfrey, K.M.
0931701e-fe2c-44b5-8f0d-ec5c7477a6fd
Poston, L.
916aced2-462e-445f-9efa-83ed4b7b3a9f
Darymple, K.V.
1329e2f9-8547-41b6-83aa-09ce871d2734
Flynn, A.C.
30669b06-ec34-46a0-a2ba-70bb34cccda5
Seed, P.T.
d3eda3f4-0e4c-4c17-9efd-dc75b583e79a
Briley, A.L.
43bc174a-0d1b-48c3-a87a-a809de2e2544
O'Keeffe, M.
2634adff-d8ad-4c69-94fd-759f6fe9547d
Godfrey, K.M.
0931701e-fe2c-44b5-8f0d-ec5c7477a6fd
Poston, L.
916aced2-462e-445f-9efa-83ed4b7b3a9f

Darymple, K.V., Flynn, A.C., Seed, P.T., Briley, A.L., O'Keeffe, M., Godfrey, K.M. and Poston, L. (2019) Associations between dietary patterns, eating behaviours, and body composition and adiposity in 3-year children of mothers with obesity. Pediatric Obesity, [e12608]. (doi:10.1111/ijpo.12608).

Record type: Article

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The relationships between eating habits, behaviours, and the development of obesity in preschool children is not well established. OBJECTIVE: As children of mothers with obesity are themselves at risk of obesity, we examined these relationships in a cohort of 482 three-year-old children of mothers with obesity from the UK Pregnancy Better Eating and Activity Trial (UPBEAT). METHOD: Dietary patterns were derived using factor analysis of an 85-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Eating behaviours were assessed using the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ). Measures of body composition included age-specific BMI cut-offs, WHO z scores, sum of skinfolds, waist and arm circumferences, and body fat percentage. Using adjusted regression analysis, we examined associations between dietary patterns, eating behaviours, and measures of body composition. RESULTS: Three distinct dietary patterns were defined: "healthy/prudent," "African/Caribbean," and "processed/snacking." The "processed/snacking" pattern was associated with greater odds of obesity; OR 1.53 (95% CI, 1.07-2.19). The "African/Caribbean" and the "healthy/prudent" patterns were associated with a lower arm circumference (β = -0.23 cm [-0.45 to -0.01]) and sum of skinfolds (β = -1.36 cm [-2.88 to -0.37]), respectively. Lower enjoyment of food and food responsiveness, and greater slowness in eating and satiety, were associated with lower arm and waist circumferences, WHO z scores, and obesity (all P < .05). CONCLUSION: In children of mothers with obesity, those who had higher scores on a "processed/snacking" dietary pattern had greater odds of obesity. In contrast, slowness in eating was associated with lower measures of body composition. These novel findings highlight modifiable behaviours in high-risk preschool children which could contribute to public health strategies for prevention of childhood obesity.

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Accepted/In Press date: 2 December 2019
e-pub ahead of print date: 27 December 2019

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 436953
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/436953
ISSN: 2047-6302
PURE UUID: 3082c19b-0771-46d4-8b66-1493ce810d47
ORCID for K.M. Godfrey: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-4643-0618

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Date deposited: 14 Jan 2020 17:32
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 05:12

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Contributors

Author: K.V. Darymple
Author: A.C. Flynn
Author: P.T. Seed
Author: A.L. Briley
Author: M. O'Keeffe
Author: K.M. Godfrey ORCID iD
Author: L. Poston

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